Seighali Fariba, Divkolaye Nasim Sadat Hosseini, Rezaei Negar, Kangarloo Masumeh
Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education on Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
Department of International Affairs, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Tehran, Iran.
Asian J Transfus Sci. 2021 Jul-Dec;15(2):183-188. doi: 10.4103/ajts.AJTS_47_18. Epub 2021 Nov 1.
Despite setting the stringent criteria for the selection of safe donors, some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive volunteers manage to give blood. Considering the window period of screening tests, this could endanger the safety of blood supply.
A frequency match case-control study was conducted on HIV-positive and negative blood donors in Iran from 2007 to 2008. Overall, 61 HIV-positive and 224 HIV-negative blood donors were selected as cases and controls, respectively. Two groups were matched for confounding factors. An identical questionnaire was used to assess risk factors. Univariate regression analysis for calculating crude odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for detecting eligibility of risk factors to enter the final model. The exposures with < 0.1 were entered in the logistic regression model. Adjusted ORs with < 0.05 and 95% CIs were reported for statistically significant variables.
Significant effects were detected for the following variables: education, job, tattoo, intravenous (IV) drug abuse, imprisonment, and risky sexual behavior. However, based on multiple analyses, education, IV drug abuse, imprisonment, and risky sexual behavior remain significant.
The majority of our findings are in parallel with the other studies performed in other countries. To increase blood safety, special attention should be paid to illiterate, first-time blood donors who are in the 25-40 age range. In addition, having the history of IV drug abuse, imprisonment and risky sexual behaviors put the blood donors more at risk of infecting HIV.
尽管为安全献血者的选择设定了严格标准，但一些人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性志愿者仍设法献血。考虑到筛查检测的窗口期，这可能危及血液供应的安全。
2007年至2008年在伊朗对HIV阳性和阴性献血者进行了一项频率匹配病例对照研究。总体而言，分别选择了61名HIV阳性和224名HIV阴性献血者作为病例组和对照组。两组针对混杂因素进行了匹配。使用相同的问卷评估危险因素。采用单因素回归分析计算粗比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），以检测危险因素进入最终模型的适宜性。将P<0.1的暴露因素纳入逻辑回归模型。报告P<0.05且95%CI的经调整OR值用于具有统计学意义的变量。
对以下变量检测到显著影响：教育程度、职业、纹身、静脉注射（IV）药物滥用、监禁和危险性行为。然而，基于多重分析，教育程度、IV药物滥用、监禁和危险性行为仍然显著。
我们的大多数研究结果与其他国家进行的其他研究一致。为提高血液安全性，应特别关注25至40岁年龄段的文盲首次献血者。此外，有IV药物滥用、监禁和危险性行为史会使献血者感染HIV的风险更高。
