Ciberti Agnese, Cavalletti Matteo, Palagini Laura, Mariani Michela Giorgi, Dell'Osso Liliana, Mauri Mauro, Maglio Alessandra, Mucci Federico, Marazziti Donatella, Miniati Mario
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
Cognitive Psychotherapy Clinical Centre, Florence, Italy.
Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2020 Aug;17(4):199-208. doi: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20200401.
To explore decision-making, impulsiveness and temperamental traits in patients suffering from eating disorders (EDs), as compared with healthy controls (HC).
Fifty-one patients affected by ED (fourteen with anorexia restricting subtype, AN-R; fourteen with bulimia, BN; thirteen with anorexia bingeing/purging subtype, AN-BP; ten with binge-eating disorder, BED) and twenty-eight HC. The patients, recruited at the Section of Psychiatry of the University of Pisa (Italy, were evaluated with a battery of neuropsychological questionnaires, including the IOWA Gambling Task (IGT), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D).
The results indicated that AN-R, AN-BP and BN patients showed poorer IGT performances than HC (p < .05), while BED performances were similar to those of HC. IGT scores suggested the existence of similarities in decision-making performances of AN-BP and BN patients, as they performed differently from HC starting from block 3 (F(16.2)=1.7). In addition, differences between AN-BP/BN and AN-R patients were detected, given that they performed differently starting from block 4. As far as BIS-11 is concerned, AN-BP and BN patients reached the highest BIS total scores, when compared with the other groups. Further, they shared similar temperamental and impulsiveness profiles, as demonstrated by their BIS-11 'motor impulsiveness' scores, and by their TCI 'novelty seeking', 'reward dependence' and 'persistence' dimensions. The post-hoc analyses revealed that both AN groups (namely, AN-R and AN-BP) scored significantly lower than HC on the FAB. No patients fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of a current major depression.
Decision-making deficits are common in EDs. In AN-R these seem related to cognitive styles, while in AN-BP and BN patients with temperament features and impulsiveness traits.
与健康对照者（HC）相比，探究饮食失调（ED）患者的决策、冲动性及气质特征。
51例ED患者（14例为限制型神经性厌食症，AN-R；14例为神经性贪食症，BN；13例为暴食/清除型神经性厌食症，AN-BP；10例为暴饮暴食症，BED）及28例HC。这些患者在意大利比萨大学精神病科招募，接受了一系列神经心理学问卷评估，包括爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）、巴拉特冲动性量表（BIS-11）、气质与性格量表（TCI）、额叶评估量表（FAB）及汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAM-D）。
结果表明，AN-R、AN-BP和BN患者的IGT表现比HC差（p <.05），而BED患者的表现与HC相似。IGT分数表明AN-BP和BN患者在决策表现上存在相似性，因为从第3个模块开始他们的表现与HC不同（F(16.2)=1.7）。此外，检测到AN-BP/BN和AN-R患者之间的差异，因为从第4个模块开始他们的表现不同。就BIS-11而言，与其他组相比，AN-BP和BN患者的BIS总分最高。此外，他们的气质和冲动性特征相似，这通过他们的BIS-11“运动冲动性”分数以及TCI的“新奇寻求”“奖励依赖”和“坚持性”维度得以证明。事后分析显示，两个AN组（即AN-R和AN-BP）在FAB上的得分显著低于HC。没有患者符合当前重度抑郁症的诊断标准。
决策缺陷在ED中很常见。在AN-R中，这些似乎与认知风格有关，而在AN-BP和BN患者中与气质特征和冲动性特质有关。
