Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Techniques in Natural Products (LATNAP), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Physics Department, Laboratory of Biophysics, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2023;53(6):1239-1262. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2016366. Epub 2021 Dec 16.
Natural carotenoids are secondary metabolites that exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. These types of compounds are highly demanded by pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, and food industries, leading to the search for new natural sources of carotenoids. In recent years, the production of carotenoids from bacteria has become of great interest for industrial applications. In addition to carotenoids with C40-skeletons, some bacteria have the ability to synthesize characteristic carotenoids with C30-skeletons. In this regard, a great variety of methodologies for the extraction and identification of bacterial carotenoids has been reported and this is the first review that condenses most of this information. To understand the diversity of carotenoids from bacteria, we present their biosynthetic origin in order to focus on the methodologies employed in their extraction and characterization. Special emphasis has been made on high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) for the analysis and identification of bacterial carotenoids. We end up this review showing their potential commercial use. This review is proposed as a guide for the identification of these metabolites, which are frequently reported in new bacteria strains.
天然类胡萝卜素是具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗癌特性的次生代谢物。这些类型的化合物在制药、化妆品、营养保健品和食品行业中需求量很大，这导致了人们对天然类胡萝卜素新来源的寻找。近年来，细菌生产类胡萝卜素引起了工业应用的极大兴趣。除了具有 C40 骨架的类胡萝卜素外，一些细菌还具有合成具有 C30 骨架的特征类胡萝卜素的能力。在这方面，已经报道了大量用于提取和鉴定细菌类胡萝卜素的方法，这是第一篇总结这些信息的综述。为了了解细菌类胡萝卜素的多样性，我们介绍了它们的生物合成起源，以便重点关注它们提取和表征所采用的方法。特别强调了高效液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC-MS）用于分析和鉴定细菌类胡萝卜素。最后，我们展示了它们的潜在商业用途。本文综述旨在作为识别这些代谢物的指南，这些代谢物经常在新的细菌菌株中报道。
