The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Yan Chai Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2022 Feb;76:102084. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2021.102084. Epub 2021 Dec 15.
Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) may require assistance in accessing healthcare services, including cancer screening. A better understanding of the factors affecting cancer screening utilisation among these individuals is needed for the development of strategies to promote screening uptake in them. This review aimed to explore the facilitators of and barriers to cancer screening utilisation among people with ID. A literature search was conducted using five databases, and an additional snowball search yielded 16 studies for inclusion in the review. Overall, the methodological quality of these studies was good (43-100%). In this review, we noted barriers to screening among individuals with ID, including perceptions of fear, distress, and embarrassment; unpreparedness for screening; negative interactions with healthcare professionals; a lack of knowledge about cancer screening; mobility issues; a high severity of ID; and a lack of ability to provide consent and communicate verbally. Facilitators to screening among these individuals were also identified, including living in a supervised setting, prior use of other healthcare services, being educated about screening via social media, having carers accompany them to screening appointments, and having dual insurance coverage or a higher income. Our review highlights the current needs of individuals with ID undergoing cancer screening. Strategies should be developed to address these needs, such as the provision of training to healthcare professionals on how to conduct screening for people with ID.
个体若存在智力障碍（ID），则其在获取医疗保健服务（包括癌症筛查）时可能需要援助。为制定促进 ID 人群参与筛查的策略，我们需要深入了解影响这些人群癌症筛查利用率的因素。本综述旨在探索 ID 患者接受癌症筛查的促进因素和阻碍因素。我们采用五大数据库进行文献检索，并通过额外的滚雪球搜索获得了 16 项研究纳入综述。总的来说，这些研究的方法学质量较高（43-100%）。在本综述中，我们注意到 ID 个体筛查面临的障碍，包括对恐惧、痛苦和尴尬的感知；对筛查的准备不足；与医疗保健专业人员的负面互动；对癌症筛查的了解不足；行动不便；严重的智力障碍；以及缺乏同意和口头沟通的能力。这些个体筛查的促进因素也得到了确定，包括生活在监督环境中、之前使用过其他医疗保健服务、通过社交媒体接受有关筛查的教育、有照顾者陪同他们进行筛查预约，以及拥有双重保险覆盖或更高的收入。本综述突出了正在接受癌症筛查的 ID 个体的当前需求。应制定策略来满足这些需求，例如为医疗保健专业人员提供有关如何为 ID 人群进行筛查的培训。
