Bergeman C S, Boker S M, Rose N, Bonanno G A, Seeman T
University of Notre Dame.
University of Virginia.
Res Hum Dev. 2021;18(3):1-17. doi: 10.1080/15427609.2021.1964897. Epub 2021 Sep 11.
Although many studies have unequivocally demonstrated the promise of understanding resilience to adversity and characterizing the consequences if stress is unabated, needed are dynamic theories and methods to enhance the rigor and interpretation of these assessments. From a dynamic systems perspective, the focus is not whether an individual possesses some fixed ability or unchangeable trait, but rather to understand the flexibility and responsiveness of stress regulation systems to daily hassles and adverse life events. A renewed interest in individual variability allows researchers to see trajectories of change over both short- and long-time scales to understand the developmental course. As a result, it is possible to answer questions, such as, how does the dysregulation in emotion caused by stress, to both within and between daily affect processes, relate to longitudinal trajectories (over time-scales of years) of dysfunction and disease? The overarching goal of the Notre Dame Study of Health & Well-being is to detail the types and qualities of contextual influences, in conjunction with dynamic psychobiological systems, to assess the precursors, concomitant influences and consequences of stress and resilience in the face of adversity on cognitive, health and well-being outcomes.
尽管许多研究已经明确证明了理解逆境适应力以及描述压力持续存在时的后果的前景，但仍需要动态理论和方法来提高这些评估的严谨性和可解释性。从动态系统的角度来看，重点不在于个体是否拥有某种固定能力或不可改变的特质，而是要理解压力调节系统对日常烦恼和不良生活事件的灵活性和反应性。对个体差异的重新关注使研究人员能够观察到短期和长期尺度上的变化轨迹，以了解发展过程。因此，有可能回答一些问题，比如，压力引起的情绪失调在日常情绪过程内部和之间是如何与功能障碍和疾病的纵向轨迹（在数年的时间尺度上）相关联的？圣母大学健康与幸福研究的总体目标是详细阐述背景影响的类型和性质，结合动态心理生物学系统，评估面对逆境时压力和适应力在认知、健康和幸福结果方面的先兆、伴随影响和后果。
