Sampaio Filipa, Nogueira Paulo, Ascenção Raquel, Henriques Adriana, Costa Andreia
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 22;16(12):e0261456. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261456. eCollection 2021.
Falls are a common cause of injury and pose an increased risk of morbidity, mortality, and lifelong disability. Falls encompass a troublesome definition and can pose challenges in epidemiological studies. Data on fall-related hospital admissions in Portugal remain unpublished. This study aimed to examine the epidemiology of fall-related hospital admissions in the Portuguese population between 2010 and 2018. It also aimed to examine annual rates of fall-related hospital admissions using three methodological approaches.
The Portuguese Hospital Morbidity Database was used to identify all cases resulting in one or more inpatient admission in public hospitals related to falls from 2010 to 2018. Fall-related hospital admissions were described by age groups, sex, geographical area of residence, and type of fall. Annual rates were computed using three approaches: i) based on the number of inpatient admissions with an ICD code of fall, ii) based on the number of patients admitted to inpatient care with an ICD code of fall, and iii) based on the number of inpatient admissions with a principal diagnosis of injury.
Between 2010 and 2018, 383,016 fall-related admissions occurred in 344,728 patients, corresponding to 2.1% of the total number of hospitalizations during the same period. Higher rates were seen among the younger (20-25) and the oldest age groups (+85), males until the age of 60, females from the age of 60, and areas of residence with a higher aging index. An overall rate of falls per 100,000 population was estimated at 414 (based on number of admissions), 373 (based on number of patients) and 353 (based on number of admissions with a principal diagnosis of injury).
This study provides an overall picture of the landscape of falls in a scarcely explored setting. The results aim to contribute to identifying appropriate preventive interventions and policies for these populations.
跌倒是受伤的常见原因，会增加发病、死亡和终身残疾的风险。跌倒的定义较为棘手，在流行病学研究中可能会带来挑战。葡萄牙与跌倒相关的医院入院数据仍未公布。本研究旨在调查2010年至2018年葡萄牙人群中与跌倒相关的医院入院情况的流行病学。它还旨在使用三种方法来研究与跌倒相关的医院入院的年发生率。
使用葡萄牙医院发病率数据库来识别2010年至2018年期间在公立医院因跌倒导致一次或多次住院的所有病例。按年龄组、性别、居住地理区域和跌倒类型描述与跌倒相关的医院入院情况。使用三种方法计算年发生率：i）基于国际疾病分类（ICD）跌倒编码的住院入院次数；ii）基于ICD跌倒编码入住住院护理的患者人数；iii）基于主要诊断为受伤的住院入院次数。
2010年至2018年期间，344,728名患者中有383,016次与跌倒相关的入院，占同期住院总数的2.1%。在较年轻（20 - 25岁）和最年长年龄组（85岁以上）、60岁之前的男性、60岁及以上的女性以及老龄化指数较高的居住地区，发生率较高。每10万人口的跌倒总发生率估计为：基于入院次数为414次，基于患者人数为373次，基于主要诊断为受伤的入院次数为353次。
本研究提供了一个在几乎未被探索的环境中跌倒情况的总体概况。结果旨在为确定针对这些人群的适当预防干预措施和政策做出贡献。
