Konarski Jan M, Krzykała Magdalena, Skrzypczak Mateusz, Nowakowska Monika, Coelho-E-Silva Manuel J, Cumming Sean P, Malina Robert M
Theory of Sports Department, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poland.
Department of Recreation, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poland.
Biol Sport. 2021 Oct;38(4):535-544. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.101126. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
Baseline characteristics of 31 healthy male U15 soccer players who were classified as select or non-select at the end of the season were compared. Players were 14.4 ± 0.54 years (13.6-15.3 years) at baseline; characteristics included body size, proportions and composition, estimated maturity status, several functional capacities, and coach classifications of potential in the sport. Decisions regarding selection or non-selection were made about two months after baseline. Select and non-select U15 soccer players differed significantly in estimated maturity status, body size, proportions and estimated muscle mass, functional tests related to speed, power and strength, and coach evaluation of potential, specifically tactical skills on offense and skills associated with creativity and decision making. When age and biological maturity status were statistically controlled, select and non-select players differed significantly only on the vertical jump, grip strength, and coach ratings of tactical skills on offense and of creativity and decision making. Results of stepwise discriminant analysis highlighted the importance of coach evaluation of tactical skills associated with offense, and of power and strength in distinguishing select from non-select players. The results highlight the advantages of advanced biological maturity status among adolescent male soccer players and also the importance of coach perceptions of talent. The latter implies a need for further study of the basis of coach perceptions, specifically how they are influenced by and perhaps interact with player characteristics at different ages, and how the perceptions influence playing time and player behaviors and interactions.
比较了31名健康男性U15足球运动员的基线特征,这些运动员在赛季结束时被分为入选组或未入选组。运动员基线时的年龄为14.4±0.54岁(13.6 - 15.3岁);特征包括身体大小、比例和组成、估计成熟状态、几种功能能力以及教练对该运动潜力的分类。关于入选或未入选的决定在基线后约两个月做出。入选和未入选的U15足球运动员在估计成熟状态、身体大小、比例和估计肌肉质量以及与速度、力量和爆发力相关的功能测试以及教练对潜力的评估方面存在显著差异,特别是在进攻战术技能以及与创造力和决策相关的技能方面。当对年龄和生物成熟状态进行统计学控制时,入选和未入选的运动员仅在垂直跳跃、握力以及教练对进攻战术技能、创造力和决策的评分上存在显著差异。逐步判别分析结果突出了教练对与进攻相关的战术技能以及力量和爆发力评估在区分入选和未入选球员方面的重要性。结果突出了青春期男性足球运动员中提前生物成熟状态的优势以及教练对天赋认知的重要性。后者意味着需要进一步研究教练认知的基础,特别是它们如何受到不同年龄球员特征的影响以及可能与之相互作用,以及这些认知如何影响上场时间、球员行为和互动。