Manabe Osamu, Oyama-Manabe Noriko, Aikawa Tadao, Tsuneta Satonori, Tamaki Nagara
Department of Radiology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan.
J Clin Med. 2021 Dec 11;10(24):5808. doi: 10.3390/jcm10245808.
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, and its clinical presentation depends on the affected organ. Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is one of the leading causes of death among patients with sarcoidosis. The clinical manifestations of CS are heterogeneous, and range from asymptomatic to life-threatening arrhythmias and progressive heart failure due to the extent and location of granulomatous inflammation in the myocardium. Advances in imaging techniques have played a pivotal role in the evaluation of CS because histological diagnoses obtained by myocardial biopsy tend to have lower sensitivity. The diagnosis of CS is challenging, and several approaches, notably those using positron emission tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have been reported. Delayed-enhanced computed tomography (CT) may also be used for diagnosing CS in patients with MRI-incompatible devices and allows acceptable evaluation of myocardial hyperenhancement in such patients. This article reviews the advances in imaging techniques for the evaluation of CS.
结节病是一种病因不明的系统性肉芽肿性疾病，其临床表现取决于受累器官。心脏结节病（CS）是结节病患者的主要死亡原因之一。CS的临床表现具有异质性，从无症状到危及生命的心律失常以及由于心肌肉芽肿性炎症的范围和位置导致的进行性心力衰竭。成像技术的进步在CS的评估中发挥了关键作用，因为通过心肌活检获得的组织学诊断往往敏感性较低。CS的诊断具有挑战性，并且已经报道了几种方法，特别是那些使用正电子发射断层扫描和心脏磁共振成像（MRI）的方法。延迟增强计算机断层扫描（CT）也可用于诊断有MRI不兼容设备的患者的CS，并允许对此类患者的心肌强化进行可接受的评估。本文综述了用于评估CS的成像技术进展。
