Chelaghma Widad, Loucif Lotfi, Bendahou Mourad, Rolain Jean-Marc
Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée à l'Agroalimentaire au Biomédical et à l'Environnement, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, des Sciences de la Terre et l'Univers, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria.
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Molécules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire (LBMBPC), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Batna 2, Batna 05000, Algeria.
Microorganisms. 2021 Dec 8;9(12):2534. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9122534.
Antibacterial resistance is one of the 2019 World Health Organization's top ten threats to public health worldwide. Hence, the emergence of β-lactam and colistin resistance among Gram-negative bacteria has become a serious concern. The reservoirs for such bacteria are increasing not only in hospital settings but in several other sources, including vegetables and fruit. In recent years, fresh produce gained important attention due to its consumption in healthy diets combined with a low energy density. However, since fresh produce is often consumed raw, it may also be a source of foodborne disease and a reservoir for antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacteria including those producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase, cephalosporinase and carbapenemase enzymes, as well as those harboring the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (mcr) gene. This review aims to provide an overview of the currently available scientific literature on the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases, cephalosporinase, carbapenemase and mcr genes in Gram-negative bacteria in vegetables and fruit with a focus on the possible contamination pathways in fresh produce.
抗菌耐药性是世界卫生组织2019年全球公共卫生面临的十大威胁之一。因此，革兰氏阴性菌中β-内酰胺和黏菌素耐药性的出现已成为一个严重问题。此类细菌的储存库不仅在医院环境中不断增加，在包括蔬菜和水果在内的其他一些来源中也在增加。近年来，新鲜农产品因其在健康饮食中的消费以及低能量密度而受到重要关注。然而，由于新鲜农产品通常生食，它也可能是食源性疾病的来源以及抗生素耐药革兰氏阴性菌的储存库，包括那些产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶、头孢菌素酶和碳青霉烯酶的细菌，以及那些携带质粒介导的黏菌素耐药（mcr）基因的细菌。本综述旨在概述目前关于蔬菜和水果中革兰氏阴性菌中超广谱β-内酰胺酶、头孢菌素酶、碳青霉烯酶和mcr基因存在情况的科学文献，重点关注新鲜农产品中可能的污染途径。
