Michalkiewicz Slawomir, Skorupa Agata, Jakubczyk Magdalena
Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Dec 11;14(24):7630. doi: 10.3390/ma14247630.
Electrochemical sensors in electroanalysis are a particularly useful and relatively simple way to identify electroactive substances. Among the materials used to design sensors, there is a growing interest in different types of carbon. This is mainly due to its non-toxic properties, low cost, good electrical conductivity, wide potential range, and the possibility of using it in both aqueous and nonaqueous media. The electrodes made of carbon, and especially of carbon modified with different materials, are currently most often used in the voltammetric analysis of various compounds, including preservatives. The objective of this paper is to present the characteristics and suitability of different carbon materials for the construction of working electrodes used in the voltammetric analysis. Various carbon materials were considered and briefly discussed. Their analytical application was presented on the example of the preservatives commonly used in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical preparations. It was shown that for the electroanalysis of preservatives, mainly carbon electrodes modified with various modifiers are used. These modifications ensure appropriate selectivity, high sensitivity, low limits of detection and quantification, as well as a wide linearity range of voltammetric methods of their identification and determination.
电分析中的电化学传感器是识别电活性物质的一种特别有用且相对简单的方法。在用于设计传感器的材料中，人们对不同类型的碳越来越感兴趣。这主要是由于其无毒特性、低成本、良好的导电性、宽电位范围以及在水性和非水性介质中使用的可能性。由碳制成的电极，特别是用不同材料改性的碳电极，目前最常用于各种化合物（包括防腐剂）的伏安分析。本文的目的是介绍不同碳材料用于构建伏安分析工作电极的特性和适用性。考虑并简要讨论了各种碳材料。以食品、化妆品和药物制剂中常用的防腐剂为例介绍了它们的分析应用。结果表明，对于防腐剂的电分析，主要使用用各种改性剂改性的碳电极。这些改性确保了适当的选择性、高灵敏度、低检测限和定量限，以及其识别和测定的伏安法的宽线性范围。
