Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 16;18(24):13295. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413295.
The aim of this work was to estimate the share of selected significant risk factors for respiratory cancer in the overall incidence of this disease and their comparison in two environmentally different burdened regions. A combination of a longitudinal cross-sectional population study with a US EPA health risk assessment methodology was used. The result of this procedure is the expression of lifelong carcinogenic risks and their contribution in the overall incidence of the disease. Compared to exposures to benzo[a]pyrene in the air and fibrogenic dust in the working air, several orders of magnitude higher share of the total incidence of respiratory cancer was found in radon exposures, for women 60% in the industrial area, respectively 100% in the non-industrial area, for men 24%, respectively 15%. The share of risks in workers exposed to fibrogenic dust was found to be 0.35% in the industrial area. For benzo[a]pyrene, the share of risks was below 1% and the share of other risk factors was in the monitored areas was up to 85%. The most significant share in the development of respiratory cancer in both monitored areas is represented by radon for women and other risk factors for men.
本研究旨在评估选定的呼吸癌重大危险因素在该疾病总发病率中的占比，并在两个环境负担不同的地区进行比较。采用了纵向横断面人群研究与美国环保署健康风险评估方法相结合的方法。该程序的结果是表达终生致癌风险及其对疾病总发病率的贡献。与空气中苯并[a]芘和工作空气中纤维形成性粉尘的暴露相比，氡暴露在呼吸癌总发病率中的占比要高几个数量级，女性在工业区的占比为 60%，非工业区的占比为 100%，男性的占比为 24%，非工业区的占比为 15%。在工业区，接触纤维形成性粉尘的工人的风险占比为 0.35%。对于苯并[a]芘，风险占比低于 1%，其他危险因素在监测地区的占比高达 85%。在两个监测地区，女性呼吸癌发展的最大风险因素是氡，而男性则是其他风险因素。
