Bonell Monsonís Oriol, Verhagen Evert, Kaux Jean-Francois, Bolling Caroline
Department of Movement Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centres - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2021 Dec 6;7(4):e001217. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001217. eCollection 2021.
In this study, we explored the perspectives about sports injury prevention of Belgium Olympic level athletes, coaches, managers and healthcare providers from various Olympic sports. We conducted a qualitative study, including 17 semistructured interviews. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed by two independent coders through constant comparative data analysis based on Grounded Theory principles. Our findings overview the athlete's journey to becoming an elite athlete, and how an elite sports context influences and modulates injury prevention practice at this level. Participants described an elite athletic career as a continuous and adaptive evolving process. According to athletes and all stakeholders, sports injury prevention is a learning process shaped by individual experiences. This embodiment provides athletes with insight into the importance of ownership of their bodies and self-awareness. Thus, experience, communication, empowerment, knowledge, education, the elite athlete context and sports culture, all play a fundamental role in sports injury prevention. Our findings support the importance of contextual factors in sports injury prevention in an elite sports context. These results also bring practical implications on how we should approach injury prevention differently along an athlete's journey to becoming an elite athlete. Considering specific contextual factors and influencing the process through awareness, communication and a shared responsibility is essential to develop a healthy and successful athlete.
在本研究中，我们探讨了来自不同奥林匹克运动项目的比利时奥运水平运动员、教练、管理人员和医疗保健提供者对运动损伤预防的看法。我们进行了一项定性研究，包括17次半结构化访谈。所有访谈均逐字转录，并由两名独立编码员根据扎根理论原则通过持续比较数据分析进行分析。我们的研究结果概述了运动员成长为精英运动员的历程，以及精英运动环境如何影响和调节这一水平的损伤预防实践。参与者将精英运动生涯描述为一个持续且适应性不断发展的过程。根据运动员和所有利益相关者的说法，运动损伤预防是一个由个人经历塑造的学习过程。这种体现使运动员深入了解身体自主和自我意识的重要性。因此，经验、沟通、赋权、知识、教育、精英运动员环境和体育文化，在运动损伤预防中都发挥着根本性作用。我们的研究结果支持了在精英运动环境中情境因素对运动损伤预防的重要性。这些结果还对我们在运动员成长为精英运动员的过程中应如何以不同方式进行损伤预防带来了实际影响。考虑特定情境因素并通过提高意识、沟通和共同责任来影响这一过程，对于培养健康且成功的运动员至关重要。
