Ferreira Maylene, Cronjé H Toinét, van Zyl Tertia, Bondonno Nicola, Pieters Marlien
Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, PotchefstroomX6001, South Africa.
Medical Research Council Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Dec 27;25(12):1-13. doi: 10.1017/S136898002100505X.
To quantify the inflammatory potential of the diet of rural and urban Black South Africans using an adapted energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (AE-DII) and to investigate its relationship with inflammatory and cardio-metabolic disease risk markers. Dietary inflammatory potential has not been investigated in African populations.
Cross-sectional investigation.
Rural and urban sites in the North West province of South Africa.
1885 randomly selected, apparently healthy Black South Africans older than 30 years.
AE-DII scores ranged from -3·71 to +5·08 with a mean of +0·37. AE-DII scores were significantly higher in men (0·47 ± 1·19) than in women (0·32 ± 1·29), and in rural (0·55 ± 1·29) than urban participants (0·21 ± 1·19). Apart from its dietary constituents, AE-DII scores are primarily associated with age, rural-urban status and education. Contrary to the literature, alcohol consumption was positively associated with AE-DII scores. Of the four tested inflammatory and thirteen cardio-metabolic biomarkers, the AE-DII was only significantly negatively associated with albumin and HDL cholesterol, and positively with waist circumference and fasting glucose, upon full adjustment.
Rural men consumed the most pro-inflammatory diet, and urban women the least pro-inflammatory diet. The diet of the participants was not overtly pro- or anti-inflammatory and was not associated with measured inflammatory markers. The inflammatory potential of alcohol at different levels of intake requires further research. Understanding dietary inflammatory potential in the context of food insecurity, unhealthy lifestyle practices and lack of dietary variety remains limited.
使用一种经过调整的能量校正饮食炎症指数（AE-DII）来量化南非城乡黑人饮食的炎症潜能，并研究其与炎症及心血管代谢疾病风险标志物之间的关系。非洲人群的饮食炎症潜能尚未得到研究。
横断面调查。
南非西北省的农村和城市地区。
1885名年龄超过30岁、随机选取的表面健康的南非黑人。
AE-DII得分范围为-3.71至+5.08，平均分为+0.37。男性（0.47±1.19）的AE-DII得分显著高于女性（0.32±1.29），农村参与者（0.55±1.29）的得分高于城市参与者（0.21±1.19）。除饮食成分外，AE-DII得分主要与年龄、城乡状况和教育程度相关。与文献相反，饮酒与AE-DII得分呈正相关。在四项测试的炎症生物标志物和十三项心血管代谢生物标志物中，经过全面调整后，AE-DII仅与白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著负相关，与腰围和空腹血糖呈正相关。
农村男性摄入的促炎饮食最多，城市女性摄入的促炎饮食最少。参与者的饮食并非明显促炎或抗炎，且与所测炎症标志物无关。不同饮酒水平下酒精的炎症潜能需要进一步研究。在粮食不安全、不健康生活方式和饮食种类匮乏的背景下，对饮食炎症潜能的理解仍然有限。
