Queen Mary School, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 13;13(12):4456. doi: 10.3390/nu13124456.
Zinc, an essential micronutrient in the human body, is a component in over 300 enzymes and participates in regulating enzymatic activity. Zinc metalloenzymes play a crucial role in physiological processes including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune responses, as well as apoptosis. Aberrant enzyme activity can lead to various human diseases. In this review, we summarize zinc homeostasis, the roles of zinc in zinc metalloenzymes, the physiological processes of zinc metalloenzymes, and aberrant zinc metalloenzymes in human diseases. In addition, potential mechanisms of action are also discussed. This comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of action of the regulatory functions of zinc in enzyme activity could inform novel zinc-micronutrient-supply strategies for the treatment of diseases.
锌是人体必需的微量元素，是 300 多种酶的组成部分，参与调节酶的活性。锌金属酶在抗氧化、抗炎和免疫反应以及细胞凋亡等生理过程中起着至关重要的作用。酶活性异常会导致多种人类疾病。在这篇综述中，我们总结了锌的体内平衡、锌在锌金属酶中的作用、锌金属酶的生理过程以及锌金属酶在人类疾病中的异常。此外，还讨论了潜在的作用机制。全面了解锌对酶活性的调节功能的作用机制，可以为治疗疾病提供新的锌-微量营养素供应策略。
