Inoue Yuko, Zaitsu Takashi, Akiko Oshiro, Ishimaru Miho, Taira Kento, Takahashi Hideto, Aida Jun, Tamiya Nanako
Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Health Services Research, School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Tob Induc Dis. 2021 Dec 9;19:96. doi: 10.18332/tid/143177. eCollection 2021.
Tooth loss affects oral health and physical and social functions. With widespread population aging, its prevalence is increasing. Secondhand smoking is a risk factor for oral diseases; however, in Japan, there are currently no regulations restricting exposure to secondhand smoke at home. This cross-sectional study examined the association between secondhand smoking at home and tooth loss among Japanese adults.
The study examined secondary data from the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan. The self-reported responses of 18812 non-smokers aged ≥20 years were analyzed. The association between exposure to secondhand smoke at home and number of teeth was examined through multiple linear regression with multiple imputation. To obtain a more normal distribution, logarithmic transformation was applied to the number of teeth that deviated substantially from a normal distribution. Adjustments were made for sex, age, occupation, household size, dental check-up within the past year, and exposure to secondhand smoke outside the home.
Overall, 8.4% of the respondents were exposed to secondhand smoking at home almost every day; this percentage was larger among younger respondents, who also had more teeth than the older respondents. Although the univariate linear regression did not show a positive association between exposure to secondhand smoke and tooth loss, the multivariate-adjusted analysis revealed that respondents who were exposed to secondhand smoke at home almost every day had fewer teeth (β= -0.04; 95% CI: -0.07 - -0.01).
The present results suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke at home increases the risk of tooth loss.
牙齿缺失会影响口腔健康以及身体和社交功能。随着人口老龄化的加剧，其患病率正在上升。二手烟是口腔疾病的一个风险因素；然而，在日本，目前没有限制在家中接触二手烟的规定。这项横断面研究调查了日本成年人在家中接触二手烟与牙齿缺失之间的关联。
该研究分析了来自2016年日本全国健康与营养调查的二手数据。对18812名年龄≥20岁的非吸烟者的自我报告回答进行了分析。通过多重插补的多元线性回归研究了在家中接触二手烟与牙齿数量之间的关联。为了获得更正态的分布，对严重偏离正态分布的牙齿数量进行了对数转换。对性别、年龄、职业、家庭规模、过去一年的牙科检查以及在家外接触二手烟进行了调整。
总体而言，8.4%的受访者几乎每天在家中接触二手烟；这一比例在年轻受访者中更高，他们的牙齿也比年长受访者更多。尽管单变量线性回归未显示接触二手烟与牙齿缺失之间存在正相关，但多变量调整分析显示，几乎每天在家中接触二手烟的受访者牙齿较少（β = -0.04；95%置信区间：-0.07 - -0.01）。
目前的结果表明，在家中接触二手烟会增加牙齿缺失风险。
