Sivalingam Mageswary, Ogawa Satoshi, Trudeau Vance L, Parhar Ishwar S
Brain Research Institute, Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2022 Feb 1;317:113973. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113973. Epub 2021 Dec 29.
Hypothalamic kisspeptin encoded by KISS1/Kiss1 gene emerged as a regulator of the reproductive axis in mammals following the discovery of the kisspeptin receptor (Kissr) and its role in reproduction. Kisspeptin-Kissr systems have been investigated in various vertebrates, and a conserved sequence of kisspeptin-Kissr has been identified in most vertebrate species except in the avian linage. In addition, multiple paralogs of kisspeptin sequences have been identified in the non-mammalian vertebrates. The allegedly conserved role of kisspeptin-Kissr in reproduction became debatable when kiss/kissr genes-deficient zebrafish and medaka showed no apparent effect on the onset of puberty, sexual development, maturation and reproductive capacity. Therefore, it is questionable whether the role of kisspeptin in reproduction is conserved among vertebrate species. Here we discuss from a comparative and evolutional aspect the diverse functions of kisspeptin and its receptor in vertebrates. Primarily this review focuses on the role of hypothalamic kisspeptin in reproductive and non-reproductive functions that are conserved in vertebrate species.
在发现亲吻素受体（Kissr）及其在生殖中的作用后，由KISS1/Kiss1基因编码的下丘脑亲吻素成为哺乳动物生殖轴的调节因子。亲吻素-Kissr系统已在各种脊椎动物中得到研究，并且在除鸟类谱系之外的大多数脊椎动物物种中都鉴定出了亲吻素-Kissr的保守序列。此外，在非哺乳动物脊椎动物中还鉴定出了多个亲吻素序列的旁系同源物。当亲吻素/亲吻素受体基因缺陷的斑马鱼和青鳉对青春期开始、性发育、成熟和生殖能力没有明显影响时，亲吻素-Kissr在生殖中所谓的保守作用就受到了质疑。因此，亲吻素在生殖中的作用是否在脊椎动物物种中保守仍值得怀疑。在此，我们从比较和进化的角度讨论亲吻素及其受体在脊椎动物中的多种功能。本综述主要关注下丘脑亲吻素在脊椎动物物种中保守的生殖和非生殖功能中的作用。
