J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2022 Jan;52(1):40-48. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2022.10959.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a neuromuscular training warm-up prevention program, Surveillance in High school and community sport to Reduce (SHRed) Injuries Basketball, for reducing all-complaint ankle and knee injuries in youth basketball players. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study. METHODS: High school/club basketball teams (male and female players aged 11-18 years) in Calgary, Canada participated in 2016-2017 (control; season 1) and 2017-2018 (intervention; season 2). The control season included a standard-of-practice warm-up. In season 2, a SHRed Injuries Basketball coach workshop was completed by participating team coaches. Teams were randomized by school/club to an unsupervised or a supervised (weekly supervision by study personnel) implementation of the coach-delivered SHRed Injuries Basketball program. The 10-minute SHRed Injuries Basketball program included 13 exercises (ie, aerobic, agility, strength, balance). All-complaint ankle and knee injuries were collected weekly using validated injury surveillance. Multilevel, multivariable Poisson regression analyses (considering important covariates, clustering by team and individual, and offset by exposure hours) estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) by intervention group (season 1 versus season 2) and secondarily considered the control versus completion of the SHRed Injuries Basketball program, unsupervised and supervised. RESULTS: Sixty-three teams (n = 502 players) participated in season 1 and 31 teams (n = 307 players: 143 unsupervised, 164 supervised) participated in season 2. The SHRed Injuries Basketball program was protective against all-complaint knee and ankle injuries (IRR = 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51, 0.79). Unsupervised (IRR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.83) and supervised (IRR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.85) implementations of the SHRed Injuries Basketball program had similar protective effects. CONCLUSION: The SHRed Injuries Basketball program was associated with a 36% lower rate of ankle and knee injuries. Neuromuscular training warm-ups are recommended as the minimal standard of practice for injury prevention in youth basketball. .
目的：评估神经肌肉训练热身预防计划（SHRed 损伤篮球）的效果，以减少青少年篮球运动员的所有抱怨脚踝和膝盖受伤。
设计：准实验研究。
方法：加拿大卡尔加里的高中/俱乐部篮球队（年龄在 11-18 岁的男性和女性球员）参加了 2016-2017 年（对照组；第 1 赛季）和 2017-2018 年（干预组；第 2 赛季）。对照组赛季包括标准的热身。在第 2 个赛季，参与团队的教练完成了 SHRed 损伤篮球教练研讨会。团队按学校/俱乐部随机分为未监督或监督（由研究人员每周监督）实施教练提供的 SHRed 损伤篮球计划。10 分钟的 SHRed 损伤篮球计划包括 13 项练习（即有氧运动、敏捷性、力量、平衡）。每周使用验证后的伤害监测收集所有抱怨脚踝和膝盖受伤的情况。多水平、多变量泊松回归分析（考虑重要协变量、团队和个体聚类以及暴露小时的偏移），根据干预组（第 1 赛季与第 2 赛季）估计发病率比（IRR），其次考虑控制与完成 SHRed 损伤篮球计划、未监督和监督。
结果：第 1 个赛季有 63 个团队（n=502 名球员）参加，第 2 个赛季有 31 个团队（n=307 名球员：143 名未监督，164 名监督）参加。SHRed 损伤篮球计划对所有抱怨的膝盖和脚踝受伤具有保护作用（IRR=0.64；95%置信区间[CI]：0.51,0.79）。未监督（IRR=0.62；95%CI：0.47,0.83）和监督（IRR=0.64；95%CI：0.49,0.85）实施的 SHRed 损伤篮球计划具有相似的保护作用。
结论：SHRed 损伤篮球计划与脚踝和膝盖受伤率降低 36%相关。神经肌肉训练热身被推荐为青少年篮球损伤预防的最低标准实践。
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