Vignesh P, Mahadevaiah C, Parimalan R, Valarmathi R, Dharshini S, Nisha Singh, Suresha G S, Swathi S, Mahadeva Swamy H K, Sreenivasa V, Mohanraj K, Hemaprabha G, Bakshi Ram, Appunu C
ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India.
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
Sci Rep. 2021 Dec 31;11(1):24514. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03735-5.
Erianthus arundinaceus [Retzius] Jeswiet, a wild relative of sugarcane has a high biomass production potential and a reservoir of many genes for superior agronomic traits and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. A comparative physiological, anatomical and root transcriptome analysis were carried out to identify the salt-responsive genes and metabolic pathways associated with salt-tolerant E. arundinaceus genotype IND99-907 and salinity-sensitive sugarcane genotype Co 97010. IND99-907 recorded growth of young leaves, higher proline content, higher relative water content, intact root anatomical structures and lower Na/K, Ca/K and Mg/K ratio as compared to the sugarcane genotype Co 97010. We have generated four de novo transcriptome assemblies between stressed and control root samples of IND99-907 and Co 97010. A total of 649 and 501 differentially expressed genes (FDR<0.01) were identified from the stressed and control libraries of IND99-907 and Co 97010 respectively. Genes and pathways related to early stress-responsive signal transduction, hormone signalling, cytoskeleton organization, cellular membrane stabilization, plasma membrane-bound calcium and proton transport, sodium extrusion, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, cellular transporters related to plasma membrane-bound trafficking, nucleobase transporter, clathrin-mediated endocytosis were highly enriched in IND99-907. Whereas in Co 97010, genes related to late stress-responsive signal transduction, electron transport system, senescence, protein degradation and programmed cell death, transport-related genes associated with cellular respiration and mitochondrial respiratory chain, vesicular trafficking, nitrate transporter and fewer secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes were highly enriched. A total of 27 pathways, 24 biological processes, three molecular functions and one cellular component were significantly enriched (FDR≤ 0.05) in IND99-907 as compared to 20 pathways, two biological processes without any significant molecular function and cellular components in Co 97010, indicates the unique and distinct expression pattern of genes and metabolic pathways in both genotypes. The genomic resources developed from this study is useful for sugarcane crop improvement through development of genic SSR markers and genetic engineering approaches.
斑茅[Retzius] Jeswiet是甘蔗的野生近缘种，具有很高的生物量生产潜力，并且拥有许多控制优良农艺性状以及对生物和非生物胁迫耐受性的基因。开展了一项比较生理学、解剖学和根系转录组分析，以鉴定与耐盐斑茅基因型IND99 - 907和盐敏感甘蔗基因型Co 97010相关的盐响应基因和代谢途径。与甘蔗基因型Co 97010相比，IND99 - 907的幼叶生长、脯氨酸含量更高、相对含水量更高、根系解剖结构完整，且钠/钾、钙/钾和镁/钾比率更低。我们在IND99 - 907和Co 97010的胁迫和对照根系样本之间生成了四个从头转录组组装。分别从IND99 - 907和Co 97010的胁迫和对照文库中鉴定出总共649个和501个差异表达基因（FDR<0.01）。与早期胁迫响应信号转导、激素信号传导、细胞骨架组织、细胞膜稳定、质膜结合钙和质子运输、钠外排、次生代谢物生物合成、与质膜结合运输相关的细胞转运蛋白、核碱基转运蛋白、网格蛋白介导的内吞作用相关的基因和途径在IND99 - 907中高度富集。而在Co 97010中，与晚期胁迫响应信号转导、电子传递系统、衰老、蛋白质降解和程序性细胞死亡相关的基因，与细胞呼吸和线粒体呼吸链相关的运输相关基因、囊泡运输、硝酸盐转运蛋白以及较少的次生代谢物生物合成基因高度富集。与Co 97010中2个没有任何显著分子功能和细胞成分的生物过程、20条途径相比，IND99 - 907中共有27条途径、24个生物过程、3个分子功能和1个细胞成分显著富集（FDR≤0.05），这表明两种基因型中基因和代谢途径具有独特且不同的表达模式。本研究开发的基因组资源通过开发基因SSR标记和基因工程方法，对甘蔗作物改良具有重要意义。
