Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2021;432:121-138. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-83391-6_10.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by virtually all live cells. In fungal organisms, the EVs traverse the cell wall and reach the extracellular environment, where they can interact with host cells and potentially impact the disease outcome. Compositional analyses have demonstrated that fungal EVs carry lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, glycans, nucleic acids, and a diversity of small metabolites. Among this variety of compounds, several molecules with immunogenic properties were characterized. It corroborates with their ability to stimulate innate immune cells, induce antibody production and protect insects and mice against fungal infections. In this chapter, we discuss the advantages of using fungal EVs as a new platform for the development of antifungal vaccines.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）几乎由所有活细胞释放。在真菌生物中，EVs 穿过细胞壁并到达细胞外环境，在那里它们可以与宿主细胞相互作用，并可能影响疾病的结果。组成分析表明，真菌 EVs 携带脂质、蛋白质、多糖、糖、核酸和多种小分子代谢物。在这些化合物中，有几种具有免疫原性的分子被鉴定出来。这与其刺激先天免疫细胞、诱导抗体产生以及保护昆虫和小鼠免受真菌感染的能力相吻合。在本章中，我们讨论了将真菌 EVs 作为开发抗真菌疫苗的新平台的优势。
