Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia.
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes g. 18, Kaunas LT-47181, Lithuania.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Mar 25;814:152733. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152733. Epub 2021 Dec 30.
This study was performed to evaluate the presence of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) in complementary baby food from different European countries, to assess portion-based dietary intake of CPs, and to characterize possible risks to children arising from CPs uptake. In total, 86 baby food samples from 22 countries were grouped into eight food-type categories considering the WHO classification. In six out of eight sample categories, predominance of medium-chain CPs (MCCPs) concentrations over short-chain CPs (SCCPs) was observed and, contrary to expectations, samples that contained ingredients of animal origin (e.g., meat or fish) did not display elevated CPs levels. The median ∑ concentrations for selected sample categories ranged from 0.8 ng g for desert to 2.8 ng g found in dry cereal and porridge subgroups, while the highest CPs concentration of 387 ng g was observed in dry porridge. Among the selected groups of baby foods, portion-based intake of ∑ varied from 1.0 to 43.6 ng kg body weight (b.w.) while exposure estimations indicated that portion-based dietary exposure through consumption of complementary baby food was the highest for infants aged 3-12 months due to the lower body weight. The risk characterization according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) approach showed that the margin of exposure (MOE) figures higher than the critical value for ∑, indicating that the dietary exposures through consumption of complementary baby food are unlikely to be of significant health concern for children. However, it should be pointed out that the performed risk assessment covered only SCCPs and MCCPs, while the occurrence of other groups from CPs and CPs related compounds (e.g., very short-chain CPs, chlorinated alkenes, or long-chain CPs (LCCPs)) was not addressed.
本研究旨在评估来自不同欧洲国家的补充婴儿食品中是否存在氯化石蜡（CPs），评估 CPs 的基于部分的饮食摄入量，并描述儿童因摄入 CPs 而产生的潜在风险。总共有 22 个国家的 86 个婴儿食品样本，根据世界卫生组织的分类，分为 8 个食品类型类别。在 8 个样本类别中的 6 个类别中，观察到中链氯化石蜡（MCCPs）浓度高于短链氯化石蜡（SCCPs）的主导地位，与预期相反，含有动物来源成分（例如，肉类或鱼类）的样本并没有显示出较高的 CPs 水平。选定样本类别的∑浓度中位数范围从 0.8 ng g 在沙漠中发现到 2.8 在干谷物和粥亚组中ng g，而在干粥中观察到的最高 CPs 浓度为 387 ng g。在所选择的婴儿食品组中，∑基于部分的摄入量从 1.0 到 43.6 ng kg 体重（b.w.）不等，而暴露估计表明，由于体重较低，通过食用补充婴儿食品摄入的基于部分的饮食暴露量对于 3-12 个月大的婴儿最高。根据欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）方法进行的风险特征描述表明，暴露比（MOE）数字高于∑的临界值，表明通过食用补充婴儿食品摄入的饮食暴露量不太可能对儿童健康造成显著关注。然而，应该指出的是，进行的风险评估仅涵盖了 SCCPs 和 MCCPs，而没有涉及 CPs 和 CPs 相关化合物（例如，非常短链 CPs、氯化烯烃或长链 CPs（LCCPs））的其他组的发生情况。
