Cannesson Alexandre, Elenga Narcisse
Cayenne Andrée Rosemon Hospital, French Guiana, Pediatric Medicine and Surgery, Rue des Flamboyants, BP 6006, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
Int J Pediatr. 2021 Dec 22;2021:4358818. doi: 10.1155/2021/4358818. eCollection 2021.
Community-acquired pneumonia remains a leading cause of hospitalizations among children worldwide. The diagnosis is based on the history, the physical examination results in children with fever plus respiratory signs and symptoms, and chest radiography. The microbiological etiology is confirmed by viral testing and hemocultures. The most likely etiology depends on the age of the child. The features of childhood pneumonia vary between countries and territories. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and current microbial ecology of community-acquired pneumonia in children in French Guiana. We performed a retrospective, descriptive, and monocentric study between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2017, in the pediatric ward of the Cayenne Hospital in French Guiana. The studied population was aged from 0 to 15 years and 3 months and hospitalized for acute community-acquired pneumonia. A total of 415 patients (mean age 3.62 years) were included. A pathogen was identifiable in 22.4% of cases, including bacteria in 61.3%, viruses in 43%, and coinfections in 14%. The main pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus (31.2%), (20.4%), (11.8%), and (10.8%). The burden of hospitalization for children with community-acquired pneumonia was highest among less than 2 years, in whom respiratory viruses were the most commonly detected causes of pneumonia. The share of vaccine-preventable diseases (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and influenza) remains high. With the vaccination requirement imposed since 1 January 2018 against pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and whooping cough and the possibility of practicing multiplex PCR in our hospital, it will be interesting to study the impact of this law enforcement on new child generations and compare these new data to our study.
社区获得性肺炎仍是全球儿童住院治疗的主要原因。诊断基于病史、发热儿童伴有呼吸体征和症状的体格检查结果以及胸部X光检查。微生物病因通过病毒检测和血培养得以确诊。最可能的病因取决于儿童的年龄。儿童肺炎的特征在不同国家和地区有所不同。本研究的目的是描述法属圭亚那儿童社区获得性肺炎的流行病学特征和当前微生物生态。我们于2015年1月1日至2017年12月31日在法属圭亚那卡宴医院的儿科病房进行了一项回顾性、描述性的单中心研究。研究人群年龄在0至15岁零3个月之间，因急性社区获得性肺炎住院。共纳入415例患者（平均年龄3.62岁）。在22.4%的病例中可识别出病原体，其中细菌占61.3%，病毒占43%，混合感染占14%。主要病原体为呼吸道合胞病毒（31.2%）、[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（20.4%）、[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（11.8%）和[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（10.8%）。社区获得性肺炎儿童的住院负担在2岁以下儿童中最高，其中呼吸道病毒是最常检测到的肺炎病因。疫苗可预防疾病（肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌和流感）的占比仍然很高。自2018年1月1日起实施了针对肺炎球菌性疾病、流感嗜血杆菌感染和百日咳的疫苗接种要求，且我们医院具备进行多重聚合酶链反应检测的能力，研究这项执法措施对新一代儿童的影响并将这些新数据与我们的研究进行比较将会很有意思。
