Shi Yu-Ru, Yuan Ke, Yue Li, Liu Ting, Liu Jia-Xing, Dai Li-Zhong, Qi Ying-Jie
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei Infectious Disease Hospital), Hefei, China.
National Joint Engineering Research Center for Infection Diseases and Cancer Diagnosis, Changsha, China.
Transl Pediatr. 2025 Mar 31;14(3):373-381. doi: 10.21037/tp-24-79. Epub 2025 Mar 26.
The human rhinovirus (HRV), when combined with other viruses, typically causes respiratory tract infections in children. However, there is a lack of adequate clinical studies on the causative agents and their symptoms in the case of mixed infections involving rhinovirus (RVs). The objective of this study was to determine the viral etiology of respiratory infections and the clinical characteristics of HRV infections in children.
This study included 438 patients, aged between 0 and 10 years with a respiratory tract infection diagnosis. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to detect respiratory pathogens. The recorded clinical data of patients were extracted and subsequently analyzed.
The positive rate of virus infection was 256/438 (58.45%) and the most frequently identified pathogens were the HRV, adenovirus (ADV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Notably, HRV co-infection with other pathogens accounted for 84.62% of co-infection cases. The highest co-infection rate was found for HRV with ADV (51.28%), followed by HRV with RSV (23.08%). Compared with HRV single infection, HRV and ADV co-infection was highly associated with the presence of a fever, and HRV co-infection with RSV had a higher rate of cough and pneumonia.
The study identified HRV as a significant pathogen in childhood respiratory infections, often co-infecting with ADV and RSV, and associated with distinct clinical manifestations such as fever and respiratory complications.
人鼻病毒（HRV）与其他病毒联合感染时，通常会导致儿童呼吸道感染。然而，对于涉及鼻病毒（RVs）的混合感染，其病原体及其症状缺乏充分的临床研究。本研究的目的是确定儿童呼吸道感染的病毒病因以及HRV感染的临床特征。
本研究纳入了438例年龄在0至10岁之间、诊断为呼吸道感染的患者。采用多重聚合酶链反应检测呼吸道病原体。提取患者记录的临床数据并随后进行分析。
病毒感染阳性率为256/438（58.45%），最常检测到的病原体是HRV、腺病毒（ADV）和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）。值得注意的是，HRV与其他病原体的合并感染占合并感染病例的84.62%。HRV与ADV的合并感染率最高（51.28%），其次是HRV与RSV的合并感染（23.08%）。与HRV单一感染相比，HRV与ADV合并感染与发热的出现高度相关，HRV与RSV合并感染的咳嗽和肺炎发生率更高。
该研究确定HRV是儿童呼吸道感染的重要病原体，常与ADV和RSV合并感染，并与发热和呼吸道并发症等不同的临床表现相关。
