Kim Hamin, Fugaban Joanna Ivy Irorita, Holzapfel Wilhelm Heinrich, Todorov Svetoslav Dimitrov
ProBacLab, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37554, Republic of Korea.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2022 Dec;14(6):1077-1093. doi: 10.1007/s12602-021-09896-z. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
This study aimed to select beneficial strains from the oral cavity of healthy volunteers and to evaluate these as potential oral probiotic candidates. The selection process was based on the isolation, differentiation, identification, and safety assessment of LAB strains, followed by a series of experiments for the selection of appropriate candidates with beneficial properties. In the screening procedure, 8 isolates from the oral cavity of a Caucasian volunteers were identified as Streptococcus (Str.) salivarius ST48HK, ST59HK, ST61HK, and ST62HK; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Lb.) (Lactobacillus plantarum) ST63HK and ST66HK; Latilactobacillus sakei (Lb.) (Lactobacillus sakei) ST69HK; and Lactobacillus (Lb.) gasseri ST16HK based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Physiological and phenotypic tests did not show hemolytic, proteinase, or gelatinase activities, as well as production of biogenic amines. In addition, screening for the presence of efaA, cyt, IS16, esp, asa1, and hyl virulence genes and vancomycin-resistant genes confirmed safety of the studied strains. Moreover, cell-to-cell antagonism indicated that the strains were able to inhibit the growth of tested representatives from the genera Bacillus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus in a strain-specific manner. Various beneficial genes were detected including gad gene, which codes for GABA production. Furthermore, cell surface hydrophobicity levels ranging between 1.58% and 85% were determined. The studied strains have also demonstrated high survivability in a broad range of pH (4.0-8.0). The interaction of the 8 putative probiotic candidates with drugs from different groups and oral hygiene products were evaluated for their MICs. This is to determine if the application of these drugs and hygiene products can negatively affect the oral probiotic candidates. Overall, antagonistic properties, safety assessment, and high rates of survival in the presence of these commonly used drugs and oral hygiene products indicate Str. salivarius ST48HK, ST59HK, ST61HK, and ST62HK; Lb. plantarum ST63HK and ST66HK; Lb. sakei ST69HK; and Lb. gasseri ST16HK as promising oral cavity probiotic candidates.
本研究旨在从健康志愿者口腔中筛选有益菌株，并评估其作为潜在口腔益生菌候选菌株的可能性。筛选过程基于乳酸菌菌株的分离、鉴别、鉴定和安全性评估，随后进行一系列实验以挑选出具有有益特性的合适候选菌株。在筛选程序中，通过16S rRNA测序，从一名白种人志愿者口腔中分离出的8株菌株被鉴定为唾液链球菌（Str.）ST48HK、ST59HK、ST61HK和ST62HK；植物乳杆菌（Lb.）（Lactobacillus plantarum）ST63HK和ST66HK；清酒乳杆菌（Lb.）（Lactobacillus sakei）ST69HK；以及加氏乳杆菌（Lb.）ST16HK。生理和表型测试未显示溶血、蛋白酶或明胶酶活性，也未检测到生物胺的产生。此外，对efaA、cyt、IS16、esp、asa1和hyl毒力基因以及耐万古霉素基因的筛查证实了所研究菌株的安全性。而且，细胞间拮抗作用表明这些菌株能够以菌株特异性方式抑制芽孢杆菌属、肠球菌属（Enterococcus）、链球菌属和葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）受试代表菌的生长。检测到了多种有益基因，包括编码γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）产生的gad基因。此外，测定了细胞表面疏水性水平在1.58%至85%之间。所研究的菌株在广泛的pH范围（4.0 - 8.0）内也表现出高存活率。评估了8株假定的益生菌候选菌株与不同组药物及口腔卫生用品之间相互作用的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。这是为了确定这些药物和卫生用品的应用是否会对口腔益生菌候选菌株产生负面影响。总体而言，拮抗特性、安全性评估以及在这些常用药物和口腔卫生用品存在下的高存活率表明，唾液链球菌ST48HK、ST59HK、ST61HK和ST62HK；植物乳杆菌ST63HK和ST66HK；清酒乳杆菌ST69HK；以及加氏乳杆菌ST16HK是有前景的口腔益生菌候选菌株。
