Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Pedodontics, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Rotgerberstr. 8, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
Imaging Center of the Department of Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Mar;26(3):3179-3187. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-04300-0. Epub 2022 Jan 5.
Biofilm removal is the decisive factor for the control of peri-implantitis. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) can become an effective aid due to its ability to destroy and to inactivate bacterial biofilm residues. This study evaluated the cleaning efficiency of CAP, and air-polishing with glycine (APG) or erythritol (APE) containing powders alone or in combination with CAP (APG + CAP, APE + CAP) on sandblasted/acid etched, and anodised titanium implant surface.
On respective titanium discs, a 7-day ex vivo human biofilm was grown. Afterwards, the samples were treated with CAP, APG, APE, APG + CAP, and APE + CAP. Sterile and untreated biofilm discs were used for verification. Directly after treatment and after 5 days of incubation in medium at 37 °C, samples were prepared for examination by fluorescence microscopy. The relative biofilm fluorescence was measured for quantitative analyses.
Air-polishing with or without CAP removed biofilms effectively. The combination of air-polishing with CAP showed the best cleaning results compared to single treatments, even on day 5. Immediately after treatment, APE + CAP showed insignificant higher cleansing efficiency than APG + CAP.
CAP supports mechanical cleansing and disinfection to remove and inactivate microbial biofilm on implant surfaces significantly. Here, the type of the powder was not important. The highest cleansing results were obtained on sandblasted/etched surfaces.
Microbial residuals impede wound healing and re-osseointegration after peri-implantitis treatment. Air-polishing treatment removes biofilms very effectively, but not completely. In combination with CAP, microbial free surfaces can be achieved. The tested treatment regime offers an advantage during treatment of peri-implantitis.
生物膜的去除是控制种植体周围炎的决定性因素。由于冷大气压等离子体 (CAP) 具有破坏和失活细菌生物膜残留的能力，因此它可能成为一种有效的辅助手段。本研究评估了 CAP 以及单独或联合 CAP 使用含甘氨酸 (APG) 或赤藓糖醇 (APE) 的粉末（APG+CAP、APE+CAP）对喷砂酸蚀和阳极氧化钛种植体表面的清洁效率。
在相应的钛盘上，体外培养了为期 7 天的人源性生物膜。之后，用 CAP、APG、APE、APG+CAP 和 APE+CAP 处理样品。无菌且未经处理的生物膜盘用于验证。处理后和在 37°C 培养基中孵育 5 天后，直接对样品进行荧光显微镜检查。为了进行定量分析，测量相对生物膜荧光。
空气抛光（无论是否使用 CAP）都能有效地去除生物膜。与单独处理相比，空气抛光与 CAP 联合处理的清洁效果最好，甚至在第 5 天也是如此。处理后立即，APE+CAP 的清洁效率比 APG+CAP 略高，但无统计学意义。
CAP 支持机械清洁和消毒，可显著去除和失活种植体表面的微生物生物膜。在此，粉末类型并不重要。在喷砂/酸蚀表面获得的清洁效果最高。
微生物残留会阻碍种植体周围炎治疗后的伤口愈合和再骨整合。空气抛光处理能非常有效地去除生物膜，但不能完全去除。与 CAP 联合使用，可实现无微生物表面。所测试的治疗方案在治疗种植体周围炎方面具有优势。
