Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100Izmir, Turkey.
Expert Rev Mol Med. 2022 Jan 7;23:e25. doi: 10.1017/erm.2021.22.
The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, regulates the mind and functions of the organs. CNS diseases, leading to changes in neurological functions in corresponding sites and causing long-term disability, represent one of the major public health issues with significant clinical and economic burdens worldwide. In particular, the abnormal changes in the extracellular matrix under various disease conditions have been demonstrated as one of the main factors that can alter normal cell function and reduce the neuroregeneration potential in damaged tissue. Decellularised extracellular matrix (dECM)-based biomaterials have been recently utilised for CNS applications, closely mimicking the native tissue. dECM retains tissue-specific components, including proteoglycan as well as structural and functional proteins. Due to their unique composition, these biomaterials can stimulate sensitive repair mechanisms associated with CNS damages. Herein, we discuss the decellularisation of the brain and spinal cord as well as recellularisation of acellular matrix and the recent progress in the utilisation of brain and spinal cord dECM.
中枢神经系统（CNS）由大脑和脊髓组成，调节思维和器官功能。CNS 疾病会导致相应部位的神经功能发生变化，造成长期残疾，是全球主要的公共卫生问题之一，具有显著的临床和经济负担。特别是，在各种疾病条件下细胞外基质的异常变化已被证明是改变正常细胞功能和降低损伤组织神经再生潜力的主要因素之一。基于去细胞细胞外基质（dECM）的生物材料最近已被用于 CNS 应用，与天然组织非常相似。dECM 保留了组织特异性成分，包括糖胺聚糖以及结构和功能蛋白。由于其独特的组成，这些生物材料可以刺激与 CNS 损伤相关的敏感修复机制。本文讨论了大脑和脊髓的去细胞化以及无细胞基质的再细胞化，以及大脑和脊髓 dECM 的最新利用进展。
