Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), UPM Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jan 7;12(1):245. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03692-z.
In a breeding program, studies of genotypic and phenotypic relationships among agricultural crop traits are useful to design, evaluate, and develop selection criteria for desirable traits. Using path coefficient analysis, the present study was executed to estimate the phenotypic, genotypic, and environmental correlation coefficients between yield and yield-related traits and to determine the direct and indirect effects of yield-related traits on yield per plant. A total of 30 genotypes of Vigna subterranea were studied under tropical conditions at two sites over two planting seasons (considered as four environments). The experiment at each site used a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were collected on vegetative and yield component attributes. Based on analysis of variance, pooled results showed that there were positive and highly significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) among the 30 genotypes for all attributes studied. Highly significant and positive strong correlation at phenotypic level was observed for dry seed weight (0.856), hundred seed weight (0.754), fresh pod weight (0.789), and total pod weight (0.626) with yield in kg per hectare, while moderate positive correlations were observed for harvest cut (0.360) and days to maturity (0.356). However, a perfect positive correlation was observed for the dry weight of pods with seed yield. In contrast, days to 50% flowering (- 0.350) showed a negative significant relationship with yield per hectare. The dried pod weight attribute (1.00) had a high positive direct effect on yield. Fresh pod weight had the greatest indirect effect on yield per hectare, followed by the number of total pods by dry pod weight. As a result, dry pod weight, hundred seed weight, number of total pods, and fresh pod weight could be used as selection criteria to improve the seed yield of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea).
在一个育种计划中，研究农业作物性状的基因型和表型关系对于设计、评估和制定理想性状的选择标准非常有用。本研究采用通径系数分析，估计产量及相关性状的表型、基因型和环境相关系数，并确定产量相关性状对单株产量的直接和间接影响。在两个种植季节的两个地点，对 30 个豇豆基因型进行了研究，共涉及四个环境。每个地点的实验均采用随机完全区组设计，重复三次。收集了营养生长和产量构成性状的数据。基于方差分析，汇总结果表明，在所研究的所有性状中，30 个基因型之间存在显著的正差异（p≤0.01）。在表型水平上，干种子重量（0.856）、百粒重（0.754）、鲜荚重（0.789）和总荚重（0.626）与每公顷产量呈显著正相关，而收获茬（0.360）和成熟天数（0.356）呈中度正相关。然而，荚干重与种子产量呈完全正相关。相反，开花 50%的天数（-0.350）与每公顷产量呈显著负相关。干荚重性状（1.00）对产量有很高的正直接效应。鲜荚重对每公顷产量的间接效应最大，其次是干荚重的总荚数。因此，干荚重、百粒重、总荚数和鲜荚重可以作为选择标准，以提高豇豆（Vigna subterranea）的种子产量。
