Xu Fangxi, Pushalkar Smruti, Lin Ziyan, Thomas Scott C, Persaud Julia Kishanie, Sierra Maria A, Vardhan Mridula, Vasconcelos Rebeca, Akapo Adenike, Guo Yuqi, Gordon Terry, Corby Patricia M, Kamer Angela R, Li Xin, Saxena Deepak
Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York.
Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Mol Oral Microbiol. 2022 Apr;37(2):63-76. doi: 10.1111/omi.12361. Epub 2022 Jan 22.
The effect of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) smoking, especially its long-term impact on oral health, is poorly understood. Here, we conducted a longitudinal clinical study with two study visits, 6 months apart, to investigate the effect of e-cigarette use on the bacterial community structure in the saliva of 101 periodontitis patients. Our data demonstrated that e-cigarette use altered the oral microbiome in periodontitis patients, enriching members of the Filifactor, Treponema, and Fusobacterium taxa. For patients at the same periodontal disease stage, cigarette smokers and e-cigarette smokers shared more similarities in their oral bacterial composition. E-cigarette smoking may have a similar potential as cigarette smoking at altering the bacterial composition of saliva over time, leading to an increase in the relative abundance of periodontal disease-associated pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The correlation analysis showed that certain genera, such as Dialister, Selenomonas, and Leptotrichia in the e-cigarette smoking group, were positively correlated with the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α. E-cigarette use was also associated with elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, which contribute to oral microbiome dysbiosis and advanced disease state.
电子烟吸食的影响，尤其是其对口腔健康的长期影响，目前了解甚少。在此，我们进行了一项纵向临床研究，有两次相隔6个月的研究访视，以调查使用电子烟对101名牙周炎患者唾液中细菌群落结构的影响。我们的数据表明，使用电子烟改变了牙周炎患者的口腔微生物群，使丝状杆菌属、密螺旋体属和梭杆菌属的成员增多。对于处于相同牙周疾病阶段的患者，吸烟者和吸电子烟者在口腔细菌组成上有更多相似之处。随着时间推移，吸电子烟可能与吸烟在改变唾液细菌组成方面具有相似的潜力，导致牙周病相关病原体如牙龈卟啉单胞菌和具核梭杆菌的相对丰度增加。相关性分析表明，电子烟吸食组中的某些菌属，如小杆菌属、月形单胞菌属和纤毛菌属，与促炎细胞因子水平呈正相关，这些促炎细胞因子包括干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α。使用电子烟还与干扰素-γ和肿瘤坏死因子-α等促炎细胞因子水平升高有关，这些因子会导致口腔微生物群失调和疾病进展。
