Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie Génétique Évolution Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, France.
Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France.
Int J Epidemiol. 2022 Jan 6;50(6):1788-1794. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab121. Epub 2021 Jun 21.
The COVID-19 epidemic has spread rapidly within aged-care facilities (ACFs), where the infection-fatality ratio is high. It is therefore urgent to evaluate the efficiency of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
We analysed the COVID-19 outbreaks that took place between March and May 2020 in 12 ACFs using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using maximum-likelihood approaches and generalized linear mixed models, we analysed the proportion of infected residents in ACFs and identified covariates associated with the proportion of infected residents.
The secondary-attack risk was estimated at 4.1%, suggesting a high efficiency of the IPC measures implemented in the region. Mask wearing and the establishment of COVID-19 zones for infected residents were the two main covariates associated with lower secondary-attack risks.
Wearing masks and isolating potentially infected residents appear to be associated with a more limited spread of SARS-CoV-2 in ACFs.
COVID-19 疫情在养老院（ACFs）内迅速传播，感染病死率较高。因此，迫切需要评估感染预防和控制（IPC）措施在降低 SARS-CoV-2 传播方面的效率。
我们使用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和 SARS-CoV-2 感染的血清学检测，分析了 2020 年 3 月至 5 月期间发生在 12 家养老院的 COVID-19 疫情。使用最大似然法和广义线性混合模型，我们分析了养老院居民感染的比例，并确定了与居民感染比例相关的协变量。
二次攻击风险估计为 4.1%，表明该地区实施的 IPC 措施效率很高。戴口罩和为感染居民设立 COVID-19 区是与较低二次攻击风险相关的两个主要协变量。
戴口罩和隔离可能感染的居民似乎与 SARS-CoV-2 在 ACFs 中的传播范围更有限有关。
