Chi Lisha, Zhao Guojing, Chen Naiche, Shen Guanghui, Huang Kai, Xia Xiaoyu, Chen Yijing, Liu Jian, Xu Ran, Chen Yanhan, Dong Weijie, Zheng Jiexia
School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
Institute of China Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021 Dec 30;14:3597-3606. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S341326. eCollection 2021.
Vaccination is an effective strategy to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to compare predictors of vaccination intention between healthcare workers (HCWs) and non-healthcare workers (non-HCWs) in China.
A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs and non-HCWs. Several bivariate analysis techniques, eg, crosstab with Chi-square, independent -test and single factor ANOVA, were performed to analyze the correlation. After that, a series of multivariate binary regressions were employed to determine predictors of vaccination intention.
Intention was closely and significantly related with gender, perceived vaccination knowledge, perceived importance and effectiveness of vaccine to prevent COVID-19. HCWs and non-HCWs were heterogeneous, since vaccination intention, perceived knowledge, and attitudes (eg, importance, severity, risk) toward COVID-19 or vaccine had statistically significant difference between the two groups. With comparison of predictors of vaccination intention, for HCWs, demographic factors were the major predictors of COVID-19 vaccination intention. Female HCWs and HCWs with a Master's or higher degree were more hesitant about vaccination (P = 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively), while HCWs had greater vaccination intention as their age increased (P = 0.02). For non-HCWs, perceived vaccination knowledge was the major predictor of COVID-19 vaccination intention (P < 0.001). Additionally, perceived importance and effectiveness of vaccine were predictors for both HCWs and non-HCWs.
Vaccination intention of HCWs was greater than that of non-HCWs in China. Measures should be taken to improve the vaccination rate based on the predictors of vaccination intention identified in this study. For HCWs, especially those with a high level of education or who were females, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines in use may reinforce their vaccination intention. For non-HCWs, popularization of general medical knowledge, including of vaccine-preventable diseases, may increase their vaccination intention.
接种疫苗是减轻新冠病毒传播的有效策略。本研究旨在比较中国医护人员和非医护人员接种疫苗意愿的预测因素。
对医护人员和非医护人员开展了一项基于网络的横断面调查。采用了几种双变量分析技术，如卡方交叉表、独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析来分析相关性。之后，采用一系列多变量二元回归来确定接种意愿的预测因素。
接种意愿与性别、感知到的疫苗接种知识、感知到的疫苗预防新冠病毒的重要性和有效性密切且显著相关。医护人员和非医护人员存在异质性，因为两组在接种意愿、感知到的知识以及对新冠病毒或疫苗的态度（如重要性、严重性、风险）方面存在统计学显著差异。比较接种意愿的预测因素，对于医护人员，人口统计学因素是新冠病毒疫苗接种意愿的主要预测因素。女性医护人员和拥有硕士及以上学位的医护人员对接种疫苗更为犹豫（分别为P = 0.01和P < 0.001），而随着年龄增长，医护人员的接种意愿更高（P = 0.02）。对于非医护人员，感知到的疫苗接种知识是新冠病毒疫苗接种意愿的主要预测因素（P < 0.001）。此外，感知到的疫苗重要性和有效性是医护人员和非医护人员的预测因素。
在中国，医护人员的接种意愿高于非医护人员。应根据本研究确定的接种意愿预测因素采取措施提高接种率。对于医护人员，尤其是那些受教育程度高或为女性的医护人员，所用疫苗的安全性和有效性可能会增强他们的接种意愿。对于非医护人员，普及包括疫苗可预防疾病在内的一般医学知识可能会提高他们的接种意愿。
