Anaya-Gil Jorge, Ramos-Morales Patricia, Muñoz-Hernandez Adriana, Bermúdez Adriana, Gomez-Estrada Harold
Natural Products Group (Grupo de Productos Naturales), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia.
Laboratory of Genetics and Environmental Toxicology - Banco de Moscas, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Mexico.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;29(1):480-488. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.005. Epub 2021 Sep 13.
Due to the negative consequences carried by the usage of synthetic insecticides, a global interest into finding substitutes for these chemical compounds through natural products has arisen. When yielded to external attacks, plants generally produce metabolites to defend themselves. The physicochemical characteristics of this kind of compounds have allowed their usage as potential bioinsecticides. The L. (algarrobo) has proven to be a plant rich in metabolites with outstanding biological activity, in such a way that some of its extracts have been tested as insecticides. The goal of this study was to know the phytochemical composition of L.'s resin and perform evaluations of its toxic and genotoxic effects in the biological model . For this, two resin extracts were prepared and both a phytochemical analysis were carried out on them, having found in the ethanolic total extract the presence of terpenes, flavonoids and coumarins, while in the partial ethanolic extract only presence of terpenes and flavonoids was found. larvae were submitted to different concentrations of the extracts and both the survival and the sexual ratio were evaluated, finding that larvae are more sensitive to the partial ethanolic extract. Subsequently, the induction of somatic mutation and mitotic recombination (SMART) was evaluated in the flies' eyes. The most significant affectations at a genotoxic level were found when larvae were tested with the partial extract, indicating that possibly the coumarins absence makes this insect more susceptible to damages at a genetic material level.
由于合成杀虫剂的使用会带来负面后果，全球范围内出现了通过天然产物寻找这些化合物替代品的兴趣。当受到外部攻击时，植物通常会产生代谢产物来保护自己。这类化合物的物理化学特性使其能够用作潜在的生物杀虫剂。L.（刺槐）已被证明是一种富含具有出色生物活性代谢产物的植物，其一些提取物已作为杀虫剂进行了测试。本研究的目的是了解L.树脂的植物化学成分，并在生物模型中评估其毒性和遗传毒性作用。为此，制备了两种树脂提取物，并对它们进行了植物化学分析，在乙醇总提取物中发现了萜类、黄酮类和香豆素类物质，而在部分乙醇提取物中仅发现了萜类和黄酮类物质。将幼虫暴露于不同浓度的提取物中，并评估其存活率和性别比例，发现幼虫对部分乙醇提取物更敏感。随后，在果蝇眼睛中评估体细胞突变和有丝分裂重组（SMART）的诱导情况。当用部分提取物测试幼虫时，在遗传毒性水平上发现了最显著的影响，这表明可能香豆素的缺失使这种昆虫在遗传物质水平上更容易受到损害。
