Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Korea.
Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 3;23(1):502. doi: 10.3390/ijms23010502.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the inhibitory neurotransmitters. Several studies have suggested that GABA supplements can reduce blood pressure and modulate the renal immune system in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we investigated the effect of GABA-enriched salt as an alternative to traditional salt on aggravated renal injury by high salt intake in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity mice. High salt intake accelerated the increase of biomarkers, such as blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels for renal injury in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity mice. However, oral administration of GABA-contained salt notably suppressed serum BUN and creatinine levels. The efficacy of GABA salt was superior to lacto GABA salt and postbiotics GABA salt. Furthermore, GABA-enriched salt markedly restored histological symptoms of nephrotoxicity including renal hypertrophy, tubular dilation, hemorrhage, and collagen deposition aggravated by salt over-loading in cisplatin-exposed mice. Among them, GABA salt showed a higher protective effect against cisplatin-induced renal histological changes than lacto GABA salt and postbiotics GABA salt. In addition, administration of high salt significantly enhanced expression levels of apoptosis and inflammatory mediators in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity mice, while GABA-enriched salt greatly down-regulated the expression of these mediators. Taken together, these results demonstrate the protective effect of GABA against damage caused by high salt intake in cisplatin-induced renal toxicity. Its mechanism may be due to the suppression of hematological and biochemical toxicity, apoptosis, and inflammation. In conclusion, although the protective efficacy of GABA salt on renal injury is different depending on the sterilization and filtration process after fermentation with . BJ20 and . BJ21, our findings suggest that GABA-enriched salt has a beneficial effect against immoderate high salt intake-mediated kidney injury in patients with cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是一种抑制性神经递质。有几项研究表明，GABA 补充剂可以降低血压，并在体外和体内调节肾脏免疫系统。在本研究中，我们研究了富含 GABA 的盐作为传统盐的替代品，对顺铂诱导的肾毒性小鼠高盐摄入加重的肾损伤的影响。高盐摄入加速了顺铂诱导的肾毒性小鼠肾损伤生物标志物如血尿素氮和血清肌酐水平的升高。然而，口服含 GABA 的盐显著抑制了血清 BUN 和肌酐水平。GABA 盐的疗效优于乳 GABA 盐和后生 GABA 盐。此外，富含 GABA 的盐显著恢复了顺铂暴露小鼠盐超负荷加重的肾毒性的组织学症状，包括肾肥大、肾小管扩张、出血和胶原沉积。其中，GABA 盐对顺铂诱导的肾组织学变化的保护作用高于乳 GABA 盐和后生 GABA 盐。此外，高盐给药显著增强了顺铂诱导的肾毒性小鼠中凋亡和炎症介质的表达水平，而富含 GABA 的盐则大大下调了这些介质的表达。综上所述，这些结果表明 GABA 对顺铂诱导的肾毒性中高盐摄入引起的损伤具有保护作用。其机制可能是由于抑制血液和生化毒性、凋亡和炎症。总之，尽管 GABA 盐对肾损伤的保护效果因与. BJ20 和. BJ21 发酵后的灭菌和过滤过程不同，但我们的研究结果表明，富含 GABA 的盐对顺铂诱导的肾毒性患者过度高盐摄入介导的肾损伤具有有益作用。
