Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Jul 17;23(1):243. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-04068-8.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem affecting millions of people. Probiotics and postbiotics are associated with valuable compounds with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, preserving renal function in CKD patients. The current study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Limosilactobacillus fermentum (L. fermentum) and its postbiotic in an animal model of cisplatin-induced CKD.
The animals were divided into four experimental groups (normal mice, CKD mice with no treatment, CKD mice with probiotic treatment, and CKD mice with postbiotic treatment). CKD mice were induced by a single dose of cisplatin 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally. For 28 days, the cultured probiotic bacteria and its supernatant (postbiotic) were delivered freshly to the related groups through their daily water. Then, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) of plasma samples as well as glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, and total antioxidant capacity of kidneys were assessed in the experimental mice groups. In addition, histopathological studies were performed on the kidneys.
Application of L. fermentum probiotic, and especially postbiotics, significantly decreased BUN and Cr (P < 0.0001) as well as ROS formation and lipid peroxidation levels (P < 0.0001) along with increased total antioxidant capacity and GSH levels (P < 0.001). The histopathologic images also confirmed their renal protection effect. Interestingly, the postbiotic displayed more effectiveness than the probiotic in some assays. The improvement effect on renal function in the current model is mainly mediated by oxidative stress markers in the renal tissue.
In conclusion, it was found that the administration of L. fermentum probiotic, and particularly its postbiotic in cisplatin-induced CKD mice, showed promising effects and could successfully improve renal function in the animal model of CKD. Therefore, probiotics and postbiotics are considered as probably promising alternative supplements to be used for CKD.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，影响着数以百万计的人。益生菌和后生元与具有抗菌、抗炎和免疫调节作用的有价值化合物有关，可以保护 CKD 患者的肾功能。本研究旨在评估凝结芽孢杆菌（L. fermentum）及其后生元在顺铂诱导的 CKD 动物模型中的疗效。
将动物分为四组实验（正常小鼠、无治疗的 CKD 小鼠、益生菌治疗的 CKD 小鼠和后生元治疗的 CKD 小鼠）。通过单次腹腔注射顺铂 10mg/kg 诱导 CKD 小鼠。在 28 天的时间里，新鲜给相关组的动物提供培养的益生菌细菌及其上清液（后生元）。然后，评估实验小鼠各组的血浆样本中的血尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）以及肾脏中的谷胱甘肽（GSH）、脂质过氧化、活性氧和总抗氧化能力。此外，还对肾脏进行了组织病理学研究。
应用 L. fermentum 益生菌，特别是后生元，可显著降低 BUN 和 Cr（P < 0.0001）以及 ROS 形成和脂质过氧化水平（P < 0.0001），同时增加总抗氧化能力和 GSH 水平（P < 0.001）。组织病理学图像也证实了它们的肾脏保护作用。有趣的是，后生元在某些检测中的效果优于益生菌。在当前模型中，对肾功能的改善作用主要是通过肾组织中的氧化应激标志物介导的。
总之，研究发现，在顺铂诱导的 CKD 小鼠中，L. fermentum 益生菌及其后生元的给药表现出有希望的效果，可以成功改善 CKD 动物模型中的肾功能。因此，益生菌和后生元被认为是 CKD 可能有前途的替代补充剂。
