School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Beijing Municipal Institute of City Planning & Design, Beijing 100045, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 22;19(1):71. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010071.
(1) Background: In the context of a children friendly city, accessibility and safety are the basic needs of children's pedestrian school travel. This study proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of pedestrian accessibility and safety for children's school travel. (2) Methods: Firstly, the school travel network was constructed by simulating the path of children walking to school. Secondly, from the meso and micro dimensions, the impact factors of pedestrian accessibility and safety were combed out, and an evaluation index system was constructed. Finally, pedestrian accessibility and safety were evaluated based on the Space Syntax analysis and ArcGIS spatial analysis, and the results were superimposed and spatially differentiated. The new evaluation method was tested in the Jintang Road area in Hedong District, Tianjin, China. (3) Results: The pedestrian accessibility and safety of children's school travel road in the study area needed to be improved. It was found that the main impact factors were the effective walking width, the spatial connectivity, the visual integration, the obstruction of pedestrian safety, the completeness of crossing facilities and the influence of traffic flow and put forward optimization strategies. After optimized simulation verification, the overall improvement was achieved. (4) Conclusion: The evaluation method is helpful to calculate the pedestrian accessibility and safety of children's school travel, and help decision makers determine the design and management strategies of child-friendly streets.
(1) 背景：在儿童友好型城市背景下，可达性和安全性是儿童步行上下学的基本需求。本研究提出了一种全面的儿童上下学步行可达性和安全性评价方法。
(2) 方法：首先，通过模拟儿童上下学的行走路径构建学校出行网络。其次，从中观和微观维度梳理出影响步行可达性和安全性的因素，构建评价指标体系。最后，基于空间句法分析和 ArcGIS 空间分析对步行可达性和安全性进行评价，并对评价结果进行叠加和空间分异。该新评价方法在中国天津市河东区津塘路地区进行了测试。
(3) 结果：研究区域内儿童上下学道路的步行可达性和安全性有待提高。研究发现，主要影响因素是有效步行宽度、空间连通性、视觉整体性、行人安全障碍、过街设施完整性以及交通流影响，并提出了优化策略。经过优化后的模拟验证，整体得到了提升。
(4) 结论：该评价方法有助于计算儿童上下学的步行可达性和安全性，为决策者确定儿童友好街道的设计和管理策略提供了帮助。
