Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
Faculty of Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics School, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Providencia, Santiago 7501015, Chile.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 21;14(1):3. doi: 10.3390/nu14010003.
The increase in the Chilean elderly population has promoted public policies to favor an adequate nutrition in later life. This study evaluated the nutritional status, micronutrients intake and serum micronutrients levels of an elderly group beneficiary of the PACAM from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile. Anthropometric and dietary survey (24 h food recalls) were assessed in 182 elderly individuals (60 and 80 years old). Blood serum collection was used to measure the micronutrient status. The sample was comprised by 12.6%, 46.1%, 28.0% and 13.2% of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese subjects, respectively. Women presented 11% of underweight, 45% of normal weight and 44% of overweight and obese, while men-18%, 50% and 32%, respectively. Only the 63% of the elderlies consumed PACAM foods, reaching average daily intakes below (50%) the recommended daily serving. Serum deficiencies of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (88%), vitamin B (33%) and calcium (36%) were observed, being the highest ones in the PACAM foods women (60-75 years old). Chilean elderlies presented mainly a normal weight; however, an important proportion of overweight/obese subjects was observed. Although PACAM foods consumption significantly increased the micronutrient intake, it was not enough to ensure an adequate serum micronutrient levels in the elderly.
智利老年人口的增加促进了有利于老年人获得充足营养的公共政策。本研究评估了智利圣地亚哥首都大区 PACAM 的老年受益人群的营养状况、微量营养素摄入量和血清微量营养素水平。对 182 名老年人（60 岁和 80 岁）进行了人体测量和饮食调查（24 小时食物回忆）。采集血样用于测量微量营养素状况。该样本由体重不足、正常体重、超重和肥胖的人群分别占 12.6%、46.1%、28.0%和 13.2%。女性体重不足者占 11%，正常体重者占 45%，超重和肥胖者占 44%，而男性体重不足者占 18%，正常体重者占 50%，超重和肥胖者占 32%。只有 63%的老年人食用了 PACAM 食品，达到了推荐的每日摄入量的平均每日摄入量低于（50%）。观察到血清 25-羟维生素 D（88%）、维生素 B（33%）和钙（36%）缺乏，在 PACAM 食品女性（60-75 岁）中最高。智利老年人主要表现为正常体重，但也观察到相当一部分超重/肥胖人群。尽管 PACAM 食品的消费显著增加了微量营养素的摄入，但仍不足以确保老年人血清微量营养素水平充足。
