Faculty of Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics School, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Providencia, Santiago 7501015, Chile.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Food Technology Division, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Lugo, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 18;16(20):3540. doi: 10.3390/nu16203540.
The global aging population has led to increased noncommunicable diseases, often linked to poor diet and declining muscle strength and mass. This study assessed leucine intake and sarcopenia indicators among 181 adults aged 60-80 in Santiago, Chile, participating in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM), with 80% being women.
Sarcopenia was evaluated through muscle strength and mass using the EWGSOP2 criteria for its identification.
78.45% of participants did not meet the recommended leucine intake of 3 g per day and sarcopenia was identified in 17.13% of them. The skeletal muscle index was 48.07%, and hand grip strength was 26.52%, with men showing significantly higher grip strength (48.60% vs. 28.80%, = 0.00). Inadequate leucine intake was more common in those aged 60-75 (85.9%) than those over 75 ( = 0.03). No significant differences in BMI, grip strength, or muscle mass were found between those with adequate and inadequate leucine intake, and PACAM food consumption did not significantly affect these parameters. A sub-analysis showed significant differences in grip strength among powdered dairy drink consumers (35.20% vs. 17.80%, = 0.01).
Chilean elderly participating in PACAM present a high prevalence of sarcopenia and leucine deficiency among with no notable benefits from PACAM foods intake. Despite the limitations of the local body composition assessment method, this research addresses a critical public health issue in Chile. Future studies should evaluate physical performance and focus on leucine supplementation to clarify its effects on sarcopenia.
全球人口老龄化导致非传染性疾病增加，这些疾病通常与不良饮食、肌肉力量和质量下降有关。本研究评估了智利圣地亚哥 181 名 60-80 岁成年人的亮氨酸摄入量和肌肉减少症指标，其中 80%为女性。
采用 EWGSOP2 标准评估肌肉力量和质量来确定肌肉减少症。
78.45%的参与者未达到每天 3 克的推荐亮氨酸摄入量，其中 17.13%存在肌肉减少症。骨骼肌指数为 48.07%，手握力为 26.52%，男性手握力明显更高（48.60%比 28.80%， = 0.00）。60-75 岁人群的亮氨酸摄入不足（85.9%）高于 75 岁以上人群（ = 0.03）。亮氨酸摄入充足和不足的人群之间的 BMI、手握力或肌肉质量没有显著差异，PACAM 食物摄入也没有显著影响这些参数。亚组分析显示，食用粉状乳制品的人群手握力存在显著差异（35.20%比 17.80%， = 0.01）。
参与 PACAM 的智利老年人肌肉减少症和亮氨酸缺乏症患病率较高，但 PACAM 食物摄入没有明显益处。尽管当地身体成分评估方法存在局限性，但本研究解决了智利的一个重大公共卫生问题。未来的研究应评估身体机能，并专注于亮氨酸补充，以阐明其对肌肉减少症的影响。
