Education and School Counseling Departments, Max Stern, Yezreel Valley College, Afula 1930600, Israel.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 23;14(1):39. doi: 10.3390/nu14010039.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a global epidemic, and is constantly on the rise. In Israel, the percentage of diabetics in the Arab population is twice that found in the Jewish population (12% and 6.2%, respectively). Findings suggest that low differentiation of self (DoS: emotional reactivity+ fusion with others, I-position, emotional cutoff) may raise vulnerability to certain physiological pathologies by increasing susceptibility to psychological distress. The major goal of this study was to test differences in DoS and emotional distress (anxiety and depressive symptoms) between diabetic and healthy participants. The second aim was to examine cultural differences within these metrics. Another purpose was to examine the relationship between DoS and emotional distress among healthy and diabetic participants. The sample included 261 participants, of whom 154 were healthy and 107 were diabetic. Diabetics reported more severe depressive symptoms, higher levels of anxiety and emotional cutoff and lower levels of I-position than healthy individuals. The groups did not differ in their levels of emotional reactivity + fusion with others. Arabs demonstrated higher levels of emotional cutoff, anxiety and depressive symptoms and lower levels of I-position than Jews. However, Arabs and Jews did not differ in their levels of emotional reactivity + fusion with others. Emotional reactivity + fusion with others contributed the most to diabetes among Arabs, while depressive symptoms contributed the most among Jews. Finally, among Jewish participants, age was positively correlated with emotional cutoff and depressive symptoms. Emotional cutoff was positively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptoms. Emotional reactivity + fusion with others was positively correlated with anxiety. Among Arab participants, age was positively correlated with emotional cutoff, anxiety and depressive symptoms. I-position was negatively correlated with all study variables. Emotional cutoff was positively correlated, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Emotional reactivity + fusion with others was positively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptoms.
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）被认为是一种全球流行疾病，且发病率不断上升。在以色列，阿拉伯人口中的糖尿病患者比例是犹太人口的两倍（分别为 12%和 6.2%）。研究结果表明，自我分化程度较低（DoS：情绪反应+与他人融合、I 位、情绪切断）可能会通过增加对心理困扰的易感性，使某些生理病理变化变得脆弱。本研究的主要目的是测试糖尿病患者和健康参与者在 DoS 和情绪困扰（焦虑和抑郁症状）方面的差异。第二个目的是检验这些指标中的文化差异。另一个目的是检验健康和糖尿病患者的 DoS 与情绪困扰之间的关系。该样本包括 261 名参与者，其中 154 名是健康的，107 名是糖尿病患者。与健康个体相比，糖尿病患者报告的抑郁症状更严重，焦虑和情绪切断程度更高，I 位水平更低。两组在情绪反应+与他人融合方面的水平没有差异。阿拉伯人在情绪切断、焦虑和抑郁症状方面的水平高于犹太人，而在情绪反应+与他人融合方面的水平低于犹太人。然而，阿拉伯人和犹太人在情绪反应+与他人融合方面没有差异。情绪反应+与他人融合对阿拉伯人的糖尿病影响最大，而抑郁症状对犹太人的影响最大。最后，在犹太参与者中，年龄与情绪切断和抑郁症状呈正相关。情绪切断与焦虑和抑郁症状呈正相关。情绪反应+与他人融合与焦虑呈正相关。在阿拉伯参与者中，年龄与情绪切断、焦虑和抑郁症状呈正相关。I 位与所有研究变量呈负相关。情绪切断与焦虑和抑郁症状呈正相关。情绪反应+与他人融合与焦虑和抑郁症状呈正相关。
