Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Eulji University, 553, Sansung-Daero, Soojung-Gu, Seongnam City 13135, Korea.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 28;14(1):136. doi: 10.3390/nu14010136.
Oral microbes are intimately associated with many oral and systemic diseases. Ongoing research is seeking to elucidate drugs that prevent and treat microbial diseases. Various functions of seed extracts have been reported such as their anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-puritic, anti-emetic, and cytoprotective effects. Here, we investigated the anti-periodontitis effect of an ethanol extract of seeds (EEAKSs) on dental plaque bacteria (DPB)-induced inflammation and bone resorption. DPB and () were cultured and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was extracted. Prostaglandin E (PGE) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) levels were estimated using ELISA. Cytotoxicity was also verified. Proteases were screened using a protease antibody array method. Osteoclastic bone resorption was also investigated. EEAKSs suppressed growth on agar plates. LPS prepared from dental plaque bacteria (DPB-LPS) and (PG-LPS) significantly increased PGE and COX2 levels in immortalized gingival fibroblasts (IGFs), immortalized human oral keratinocytes (IHOKs), and RAW264.7 macrophage cells. However, DPB-LPS and PG-LPS-induced PGE and COX-2 increases were effectively abolished by EEAKS treatment at non-cytotoxic concentrations. In the protease antibody array, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, kallikrein 10, cathepsin D, and cathepsin V levels were increased by PG-LPS stimulation. However, increases in protease levels except for cathepsin D were suppressed by EEAKS treatment. In addition, RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was significantly inhibited by EEAKS treatment, leading to reductions in resorption pit formation. These results suggest that EEAKSs exerted a beneficial oral health effect to help prevent DPB-mediated periodontal disease.
口腔微生物与许多口腔和全身疾病密切相关。目前正在进行研究，以阐明预防和治疗微生物疾病的药物。已经报道了种子提取物的各种功能，例如抗病毒、抗氧化、抗炎、止痒、止吐和细胞保护作用。在这里，我们研究了种子乙醇提取物（EEAKSs）对牙菌斑细菌（DPB）诱导的炎症和骨吸收的抗牙周炎作用。培养 DPB 和 （），提取脂多糖（LPS）。使用 ELISA 估计前列腺素 E（PGE）和环氧化酶 2（COX-2）水平。还验证了细胞毒性。使用蛋白酶抗体阵列方法筛选蛋白酶。还研究了破骨细胞的骨吸收。EEAKSs 抑制琼脂平板上的 生长。来自牙菌斑细菌（DPB-LPS）和 （PG-LPS）的 LPS 显着增加了永生化牙龈成纤维细胞（IGFs）、永生化人口腔角质形成细胞（IHOKs）和 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞中 PGE 和 COX2 的水平。然而，在非细胞毒性浓度下，EEAKS 处理可有效消除 DPB-LPS 和 PG-LPS 诱导的 PGE 和 COX-2 增加。在蛋白酶抗体阵列中，基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-2、MMP-3、MMP-7、激肽释放酶 10、组织蛋白酶 D 和组织蛋白酶 V 的水平因 PG-LPS 刺激而增加。然而，除组织蛋白酶 D 外，EEAKS 处理抑制了蛋白酶水平的增加。此外，EEAKS 处理显着抑制 RANKL 诱导的破骨细胞分化，导致吸收坑形成减少。这些结果表明，EEAKSs 发挥了有益的口腔健康作用，有助于预防 DPB 介导的牙周病。
