Ibancos-Losada María Del Rocío, Osuna-Pérez María Catalina, Cortés-Pérez Irene, Montoro-Cárdenas Desirée, Díaz-Fernández Ángeles
Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Granada Northeast Health District, Andalusian Health Service, Street San Miguel 2, 18500 Guadix, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2021 Dec 28;11(1):151. doi: 10.3390/jcm11010151.
Experimental pain testing requires specific equipment and may be uncomfortable for patients. The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) was developed to assess pain sensitivity, based on the pain intensity ratings (range: 0-10) of painful situations that occur in daily life. The main objective of this study was to carry out a cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the PSQ (PSQ-S). A total of 354 subjects (296 healthy and 58 chronic pain patients) filled in the PSQ-S. A subgroup of 116 subjects performed experimental pain testing, including two modalities (cold and pressure), with different measures: pain intensity rating, pressure pain threshold, and tolerance. The validation results showed two factors: PSQ-S-moderate and PSQ-S-minor and, for the total scale and the two factors, an excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient > 0.9) and a substantial reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient > 0.8). We obtained strong correlations with all the experimental pain rating parameters, catastrophizing, and depression variables, as well as moderate correlations with anxiety, central sensibilization, and impact on the quality of life. Chronic pain patients received elevated PSQ-S scores compared to healthy controls, and three cut-off values (PSQ-S-total = 7.00, PSQ-S-moderate = 7.57, and PSQ-S-minor = 6.29) based on ROC curve analyses were shown to be able to discriminate between healthy adults and adults with chronic pain. Therefore, PSQ-S may be a simple alternative to experimental pain procedures for clinical and experimental pain research.
实验性疼痛测试需要特定设备，且可能会让患者感到不适。疼痛敏感性问卷（PSQ）旨在根据日常生活中疼痛情况的疼痛强度评分（范围：0至10）来评估疼痛敏感性。本研究的主要目的是对PSQ西班牙语版（PSQ-S）进行跨文化改编和验证。共有354名受试者（296名健康受试者和58名慢性疼痛患者）填写了PSQ-S。116名受试者组成的一个亚组进行了实验性疼痛测试，包括两种方式（冷刺激和压力刺激），采用了不同的测量指标：疼痛强度评分、压力疼痛阈值和耐受性。验证结果显示出两个因子：PSQ-S-中度和PSQ-S-轻度，并且对于总量表和这两个因子，内部一致性极佳（克朗巴哈α系数>0.9）且信度很高（组内相关系数>0.8）。我们发现PSQ-S与所有实验性疼痛评分参数、灾难化思维及抑郁变量均有强相关性，与焦虑、中枢敏化以及对生活质量的影响有中度相关性。与健康对照组相比，慢性疼痛患者的PSQ-S得分更高，基于ROC曲线分析得出的三个临界值（PSQ-S总分=7.00，PSQ-S-中度=7.57，PSQ-S-轻度=6.29）能够区分健康成年人和慢性疼痛成年人。因此，对于临床和实验性疼痛研究而言，PSQ-S可能是实验性疼痛程序的一种简单替代方法。
