Mount D L, Patchen L C, Williams S B, Churchill F C
Bull World Health Organ. 1987;65(5):615-23.
Three field-adapted methods for the quantification of the antimalarial drug chloroquine are described. Two of the methods are modifications of the Haskins test and are based on ion-pair formation between chloroquine and methyl orange in either dichloromethane or chloroform. Absorbance values measured at 420 nm with a hand-held, battery-operated filter photometer were linearly related to chloroquine concentrations in urine up to 100 mumol/l (32 mug/ml) for both methods. The contribution of the desethylchloroquine metabolite to the measured absorbance for both methods is less than that of chloroquine; the relative sensitivity for this metabolite is about 50% of that of chloroquine for both methods. The detection limit for modification I is 1 mumol/l (0.3 mug/ml), while that for modification II is 3 mumol/l (1 mug/ml). A single dose of chloroquine diphosphate (300 mg as base) administered to each of three volunteers yielded detectable levels by modification I of chloroquine in the urine for 28 days after dosing. Results for the colorimetric methods correlated well with the liquid chromatographic reference method used. The related thin-layer chromatographic method confirmed the presence of chloroquine and desethylchloroquine in the urine and permitted independent estimation of the concentration of these two compounds if desired. The two colorimetric methods may be used in remote locations where no electricity is available.
本文描述了三种适用于现场的抗疟药物氯喹定量方法。其中两种方法是对哈斯金斯试验的改进，基于氯喹与甲基橙在二氯甲烷或氯仿中形成离子对。两种方法使用手持式电池供电滤光光度计在420nm处测得的吸光度值与尿液中氯喹浓度在高达100μmol/L（32μg/ml）范围内呈线性相关。两种方法中，去乙基氯喹代谢物对测得吸光度的贡献均小于氯喹；两种方法对该代谢物的相对灵敏度约为氯喹的50%。改进方法I的检测限为1μmol/L（0.3μg/ml），而改进方法II的检测限为3μmol/L（1μg/ml）。给三名志愿者每人单次服用300mg（以碱计）磷酸氯喹后，改进方法I在给药后28天内可检测到尿液中的氯喹水平。比色法结果与所用的液相色谱参考方法相关性良好。相关的薄层色谱法证实了尿液中氯喹和去乙基氯喹的存在，并可在需要时独立估算这两种化合物的浓度。这两种比色法可用于没有电力供应的偏远地区。
