MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2021 Apr 19;4(4):2996-3014. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00105. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
Cell cryopreservation is of vital significance both for transporting and storing cells before experimental/clinical use. Cryoprotectants (CPAs) are necessary additives in the preserving medium in cryopreservation, preventing cells from freeze-thaw injuries. Traditional organic solvents have been widely used in cell cryopreservation for decades. Given the obvious damage to cells due to their undesirable cytotoxicity and the burdensome post-thaw washing cycles before use, traditional CPAs are more and more likely to be replaced by modern ones with lower toxicity, less processing, and higher efficiency. As materials science thrives, nanomaterials are emerging to serve as potent vehicles for delivering nontoxic CPAs or inherent CPAs comparable to or even superior to conventional ones. This review will introduce some advanced nanomaterials (e.g., organic/inorganic nanoCPAs, nanodelivery systems) utilized for cell cryopreservation, providing broader insights into this developing field.
细胞冷冻保存对于实验/临床使用前的细胞运输和储存至关重要。冷冻保护剂（CPAs）是冷冻保存中保存介质中必需的添加剂，可防止细胞免受冻融损伤。传统的有机溶剂在细胞冷冻保存中已被广泛使用数十年。鉴于其不良的细胞毒性对细胞造成的明显损害，以及在使用前进行繁琐的冻后洗涤循环，传统的 CPAs 越来越有可能被毒性更低、处理步骤更少、效率更高的现代 CPAs 所取代。随着材料科学的蓬勃发展，纳米材料作为无毒 CPAs 或与传统 CPAs 相当甚至更优的固有 CPAs 的有效传递载体而崭露头角。本综述将介绍一些用于细胞冷冻保存的先进纳米材料（例如，有机/无机纳米 CPAs、纳米递药系统），为这一不断发展的领域提供更广泛的见解。
