Nabavinia Mahboubeh, Beltran-Huarac Juan
Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Howell Science Complex, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2020 Dec 21;3(12):8172-8187. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00947. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
The positive response of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), in terms of biodegradability, circulation, elimination, toxicity, and manipulation of their structure/activity relationship, has enabled them to find their way into commercialization as an iron supplement, MRI contrast agents, MPI tracers, and hyperthermia and magneto-mechanical actuators. This Review focuses on the most current progress regarding the application of SPIONs as magnetic therapeutic agents for cancer treatment and tissue engineering. Because of their superior magnetic anisotropy, irreversibility of high- and low-field magnetization, and superparamagnetic ordering at corporal temperatures, they exhibit the unique ability to respond to theraputic doses (e.g., in magnetic hyperthermia and targeted drug delivery). This Review discusses the role of SPIONs to enhance chemotherapy and radiotherapy efficiency and specificity and how this enhancement could mitigate some side effects. SPIONs applied as tools for gene delivery, immunotherapy, and tissue engineering are also reviewed in the context of their potential to translational medicine. Lastly, some emerging issues concerning SPION toxicity are summarized and how they are being addressed to achieve success in clinical applications is discussed.
超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（SPIONs）在生物降解性、循环、消除、毒性以及其结构/活性关系的操控方面呈现出积极的响应，这使得它们得以作为铁补充剂、磁共振成像（MRI）造影剂、磁共振光声成像（MPI）示踪剂以及热疗和磁机械致动器实现商业化。本综述聚焦于SPIONs作为用于癌症治疗和组织工程的磁性治疗剂应用的最新进展。由于其卓越的磁各向异性、高场和低场磁化的不可逆性以及在体温下的超顺磁有序性，它们展现出对治疗剂量作出响应的独特能力（例如在磁热疗和靶向药物递送中）。本综述讨论了SPIONs在提高化疗和放疗效率及特异性方面的作用，以及这种提高如何减轻一些副作用。还在其向转化医学转化的潜力背景下，对作为基因递送、免疫治疗和组织工程工具应用的SPIONs进行了综述。最后，总结了一些关于SPION毒性的新出现问题，并讨论了如何解决这些问题以在临床应用中取得成功。
