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“在我看来,这只是健康饮食而已”——平衡对健康的理解与“orthorexic”(正确饮食强迫症)的饮食和锻炼习惯。

"That's just healthy eating in my opinion" - Balancing understandings of health and 'orthorexic' dietary and exercise practices.

作者信息

Lewthwaite Melinda, LaMarre Andrea

机构信息

Massey University, Auckland Campus, New Zealand.

Massey University, Auckland Campus, New Zealand.

出版信息

Appetite. 2022 Apr 1;171:105938. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105938. Epub 2022 Jan 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.appet.2022.105938
PMID:35066005
Abstract

There is a fine line between eating and exercising "for one's health" and adopting obsessive dietary practices. Not currently recognised in the DSM-5, Orthorexia Nervosa is a proposed eating disorder characterized by an unhealthy obsession with eating healthy foods. In this study, we explored people's self-identified experiences of highly significant dietary and exercise practices, which whilst considered to be healthful may paradoxically have become problematic or resulted in dysfunction. Fifteen participants took part in semi-structured interviews. We used reflexive thematic analysis through a post structuralist theoretical lens to analyze the data, and developed three key themes: (1) feeling good and looking good; (2) relationality: the role of connections, community and social responses; (3) disordered or healthy. Daily health practices were understood as positive acts of self-care which were motivated by a range of embodied experiences and entangled within social relationships. Each theme also highlighted how sociocultural influences such as healthism and post-feminist discourses impacted upon participants food choices, exercise engagement and appearance goals-often producing contradictory understandings of what was considered to be (un)healthy. Overall, findings indicate that achieving 'a healthy balance' may be easier said than done and points to the need for nuanced analyses of the tensions that exist within first-person accounts of engaging with "health" in both "healthful" and potentially problematic ways.

摘要

在出于“健康目的”饮食和锻炼与采取强迫性饮食习惯之间存在着细微的界限。“健康饮食强迫症”目前在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版中尚未被认可,它是一种拟议中的饮食失调症,其特征是对健康食品有着不健康的痴迷。在本研究中,我们探究了人们自我认定的具有高度重要性的饮食和锻炼行为经历,这些行为虽被认为有益健康,但自相矛盾的是,它们可能已成为问题行为或导致功能失调。15名参与者参与了半结构化访谈。我们通过后结构主义理论视角运用反思性主题分析法对数据进行分析,并得出了三个关键主题:(1)感觉良好和外表好看;(2)关联性:人际关系、社区和社会反应的作用;(3)紊乱或健康。日常健康行为被理解为自我护理的积极行为,这些行为受一系列身体体验的驱动,并交织在社会关系之中。每个主题还强调了诸如健康主义和后女权主义话语等社会文化影响如何影响参与者的食物选择、锻炼参与度和外表目标——往往会对什么被认为是(不)健康产生相互矛盾的理解。总体而言,研究结果表明,实现“健康平衡”可能说起来容易做起来难,并指出需要对以“健康”和潜在问题方式参与“健康”的第一人称叙述中存在的紧张关系进行细致入微的分析。

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