Yuan Lulu, Gao Yuqin, Pan Bochen, Wang Junyan, Wang Yanjie, Gong Caixia, Wang Weiren, Li Xiaohan
Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Nursing, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jan 13;12:791555. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.791555. eCollection 2021.
Resilience has become a hot spot in the field of positive psychology to study life-change events. However, there were little information on resilience among the fathers and mothers of patients with cleft lip and/or palate respectively. The present study aimed to explore and compare the level and potential influential factors associated with resilience among fathers/mothers of patients with cleft lip and/or palate in China. A cross-sectional study was carried out between April 2019 and July 2020 among fathers/mothers of patients with cleft lip and/or palate in two cleft lip and/or palate treatment centers in China. Sixty Nine fathers and 179 mothers of patients with cleft lip and/or palate were interviewed with a questionnaire on demographic variables and the Resilience Scale-14 (RS-14), Herth Hope Index (HHI), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) and Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP). -test/univariate one-way ANOVA, Pearson's r, hierarchical linear regression analysis were conducted to explore the influential factors of resilience. Fathers of patients with cleft lip and/or palate had a higher level of resilience (77.77 ± 14.18) than mothers (74.52 ± 14.33) though without significance. Resilience was positively associated with hope, perceived social support, optimism and coping and negatively correlated with parenting stress both in the fathers and the mothers. Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that hope (β = 0.400, < 0.01), coping (β = 0.281, < 0.05), job status, medical payments (β = -0.240, < 0.05) were found to be associated with resilience among the fathers of patients with CL/P, and all four variables in the model could explain 42.8% of the variance in resilience; Hope (β = 0.225, < 0.05), perceived social support (β = 0.194, < 0.05), the age of patients (β = 0.189, < 0.05) were found to be associated with resilience among the mothers, and all three variables in the model could explain 27.6% of the variance in resilience. Our study showed that, in China, fathers of patients with cleft lip and/or palate had a higher level of resilience than mothers though without significance. Hope was the only communal variable strongly associated with resilience among both the fathers and the mothers; besides, coping, job status and medical payments were found to be associated with resilience among the fathers; while perceived social support and the age of patients were found to be associated with resilience among the mothers. The results suggest that enhance hope in parents of patients with cleft lip and/or palate might greatly help improve their resilience. Besides, fathers and mothers need specific intervention to prompt their resilience.
心理韧性已成为积极心理学领域中研究生活变化事件的一个热点。然而，关于唇腭裂患者的父亲和母亲各自的心理韧性，相关信息却很少。本研究旨在探讨并比较中国唇腭裂患者父亲/母亲的心理韧性水平及其潜在影响因素。2019年4月至2020年7月期间，在中国的两个唇腭裂治疗中心，对唇腭裂患者的父亲/母亲开展了一项横断面研究。采用一份关于人口统计学变量的问卷以及心理韧性量表-14（RS-14）、赫思希望指数（HHI）、领悟社会支持多维量表（MSPSS）、修订的生活取向测验（LOT-R）、父母压力指数简表（PSI-SF）和父母应对健康问卷（CHIP），对69名唇腭裂患者的父亲和179名唇腭裂患者的母亲进行了访谈。采用t检验/单因素单向方差分析、Pearson相关分析、分层线性回归分析来探究心理韧性的影响因素。唇腭裂患者的父亲心理韧性水平（77.77±14.18）高于母亲（74.52±14.33），但差异无统计学意义。在父亲和母亲中，心理韧性与希望、领悟社会支持、乐观和应对呈正相关，与养育压力呈负相关。分层线性回归分析显示，希望（β = 0.400，P<0.01）、应对（β = 0.281，P<0.05）、工作状况、医疗费用（β = -0.240，P<0.05）与唇腭裂患者父亲的心理韧性有关，模型中的这四个变量可解释心理韧性42.8%的变异；希望（β = 0.225，P<0.05）、领悟社会支持（β = 0.194，P<0.05）、患者年龄（β = 0.189，P<0.05）与唇腭裂患者母亲的心理韧性有关，模型中的这三个变量可解释心理韧性27.6%的变异。我们的研究表明，在中国，唇腭裂患者的父亲心理韧性水平高于母亲，但差异无统计学意义。希望是父亲和母亲中与心理韧性密切相关的唯一共同变量；此外，应对、工作状况和医疗费用与唇腭裂患者父亲的心理韧性有关；而领悟社会支持和患者年龄与唇腭裂患者母亲的心理韧性有关。研究结果表明，增强唇腭裂患者父母的希望可能会极大地有助于提高他们的心理韧性。此外，父亲和母亲需要特定的干预措施来提升他们的心理韧性。
