McLaughlin Kelly C, Perez Avery N, Donahue Stephanie, Feairheller Deborah L
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Osteopathic Medicine Program, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2021 Nov 1;14(3):1320-1333. doi: 10.70252/CKXH1603. eCollection 2021.
Exercise training is known to reduce CVD risk factors; however, in tactical populations, like veterans and firefighters, the effects of different forms of exercise such as tactical circuit training (CT) or conventional resistance training (RT) is unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare changes in various CVD risk measures after 4-week tactical CT or RT programs. Thirty-seven firefighters (20 CT, 17 RT), 35% of whom were veterans, participated. Pre- and post-intervention measures included body fat (BF%), carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT), central and brachial BP, and indices of arterial stiffness (augmentation index, Aix@75), myocardial oxygenation (subendocardial viability ratio, SEVR), and endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation, FMD). Estimation of maximum oxygen consumption (VO) for aerobic fitness, balance, muscular endurance, and strength were also compared. For the clinical laboratory values, there were no between group differences and the only within group change was found in triglyceride levels. Tactical CT lowered triglyceride levels by 24.2% ( < 0.05). Only tactical CT exercise lowered BP. Both brachial (4.6% reduction) and central (4.4 % reduction) systolic and diastolic SBP and DBP decreased with CT (all ≤ 0.01). After training we found improvements in FMD and SEVR with tactical CT only. Percent FMD increased by 28.7% ( < 0.01) while SEVR increased by 4.4% ( < 0.05) in the tactical CT group. Fitness improved in both cohorts ( < 0.05). These data suggest that 4 weeks of a CT program improves several CVD-risk factors and may be more beneficial.
众所周知，运动训练可降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素；然而，在退伍军人和消防员等战术人群中，不同形式的运动，如战术循环训练（CT）或传统阻力训练（RT）的效果尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是比较4周战术CT或RT训练计划后各种CVD风险指标的变化。37名消防员（20名进行CT训练，17名进行RT训练）参与了研究，其中35%为退伍军人。干预前后的测量指标包括体脂率（BF%）、颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）、中心和肱动脉血压，以及动脉僵硬度指标（增强指数，Aix@75）、心肌氧合指标（心内膜下存活比率，SEVR）和内皮功能指标（血流介导的血管舒张，FMD）。同时还比较了有氧适能、平衡能力、肌肉耐力和力量的最大耗氧量（VO）估计值。对于临床实验室值，组间无差异，仅在甘油三酯水平上发现组内变化。战术CT使甘油三酯水平降低了24.2%（P<0.05）。只有战术CT运动降低了血压。CT训练使肱动脉收缩压和舒张压（降低4.6%）以及中心动脉收缩压和舒张压（降低4.4%）均下降（均P≤0.01）。训练后，仅战术CT训练使FMD和SEVR得到改善。战术CT组FMD百分比增加了28.7%（P<0.01），而SEVR增加了4.4%（P<0.05）。两组的体能均有所改善（P<0.05）。这些数据表明，4周的CT训练计划可改善多种CVD风险因素，可能更有益处。
