Dept. de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brasil.
Dept. de Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brasil.
PLoS One. 2022 Jan 31;17(1):e0258822. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258822. eCollection 2022.
Several researchers have attempted to develop coffee plants that are resistant to brown eye spot (BES); however, no coffee cultivars are resistant to the disease. In the present study, a blend of strains from Cercospora coffeicola was inoculated into 19 Brazilian commercial cultivars and 41 accessions from the Germplasm Collection of Minas Gerais to evaluate the genetic resistance ability within the population and select superior genotypes for the breeding program. After predicting the genotypic values of the estudied material, the evaluations number necessary for selecting genotypes with accuracy and efficiency was determined based on the data of severity to BES. The action of defense mechanisms plant was also investigated by assessing the levels of total soluble phenolic compounds and soluble lignin in contrasting genotypes for disease susceptibility. Based on the results, the accession MG 1207 Sumatra, had an intrinsic genetic capacity to maintain low levels of severity to BES. The genotype MG 1207 Sumatra can substantially contribute to the development of new cultivars, which may lead to the reduced use of pesticides. According to the accuracy and efficiency results obtained, four evaluations BES severity are sufficient to achieve accuracy, providing expressive genetic gains. Finally, the levels of lignin and phenolic compounds were not found to be associated with the resistance of coffee genotypes to BES.
几位研究人员试图开发出对褐斑病（BES）具有抗性的咖啡品种；然而，目前还没有咖啡品种对该疾病具有抗性。在本研究中，将来自咖啡生尾孢菌的菌株混合物接种到 19 个巴西商业品种和来自米纳斯吉拉斯州种质收集的 41 个品种中，以评估群体内的遗传抗性能力，并为选育计划选择优良基因型。在预测研究材料的基因型值后，根据对 BES 严重程度的数据，确定了选择具有准确性和效率的基因型所需的评价数量。还通过评估对疾病易感性具有不同基因型的总可溶性酚类化合物和可溶性木质素水平来研究植物防御机制的作用。基于结果，发现 MG 1207 苏门答腊品种具有内在的遗传能力，可以维持低水平的 BES 严重程度。MG 1207 苏门答腊品种可以为开发新的品种做出重大贡献，这可能会减少农药的使用。根据获得的准确性和效率结果，进行四次 BES 严重程度的评估就足以实现准确性，提供显著的遗传增益。最后，木质素和酚类化合物的水平与咖啡品种对 BES 的抗性没有关联。
