Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China.
School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China.
J Phys Chem Lett. 2022 Feb 10;13(5):1314-1322. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03898. Epub 2022 Feb 2.
With the global outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, mRNA vaccines became the first type of COVID-19 vaccines to enter clinical trials because of their facile production, low cost, and relative safety, which initiated great advances in mRNA therapeutic techniques. However, the development of mRNA therapeutic techniques still confronts some challenges. First, transcribed mRNA molecules can be easily degraded by ribonuclease (RNase), resulting in their low stability. Next, the negative charge of mRNA molecules prevents them from direct cell entry. Therefore, finding efficient and safe delivery technology could be the key issue to improve mRNA therapeutic techniques. In this Perspective, we mainly discuss the problems of the existing mRNA-based delivery nanoplatforms, including safety evaluation, administration routes, and preparation technology. Moreover, we also propose some views on strategies to further improve mRNA delivery technology.
随着 SARS-CoV-2 在全球范围内的爆发，mRNA 疫苗因其易于生产、成本低和相对安全而成为第一批进入临床试验的 COVID-19 疫苗，这推动了 mRNA 治疗技术的重大进展。然而，mRNA 治疗技术的发展仍然面临一些挑战。首先，转录的 mRNA 分子很容易被核糖核酸酶 (RNase) 降解，导致其稳定性低。其次，mRNA 分子的负电荷阻止其直接进入细胞。因此，寻找高效、安全的递送技术可能是提高 mRNA 治疗技术的关键问题。在本观点中，我们主要讨论了基于 mRNA 的现有递送纳米平台存在的问题，包括安全性评估、给药途径和制备技术。此外，我们还对进一步提高 mRNA 递送技术的策略提出了一些看法。
