Stancombe John, Williams Richard, Drury John, Collins Hannah, Lagan Lizzie, Barrett Alan, French Paul, Chitsabesan Prathiba
Young People's Mental Health Research Unit, Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
Welsh Institute for Health and Social Care, University of South Wales, UK.
BJPsych Open. 2022 Feb 3;8(2):e41. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2022.2.
Distress after major incidents is widespread among survivors. The great majority do not meet the criteria for mental health disorders and rely on psychosocial care provided by their informal networks and official response services. There is a need to better understand their experiences of distress and psychosocial care needs.
The aims of our study were to enhance understanding of the experience of distress among people present at the Manchester Arena bombing in 2017, identify their experiences of psychosocial care after the incident and learn how to better deliver and target effective psychosocial care following major incidents.
We conducted a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 18 physically non-injured survivors of the Manchester Arena attack, who registered with the NHS Manchester Resilience Hub.
Distress was ubiquitous, with long-lasting health and social consequences. Initial reluctance to seek help from services was also common. Early and open access to authoritative sources of information and emotional support, and organised events for survivors, were viewed as helpful interventions. Inappropriate forms of psychosocial and mental healthcare were common and potent stressors that affected coping and recovery.
This paper extends our understanding of how people react to major events. Provision for the large group of people who are distressed and require psychosocial care may be inadequate after many incidents. There is a substantial agenda for developing awareness of people's needs for psychosocial interventions, and training practitioners to deliver them. The findings have substantial implications for policy and service design.
重大事件后的痛苦在幸存者中普遍存在。绝大多数人不符合心理健康障碍的标准，他们依赖非正式网络和官方应对服务提供的心理社会支持。有必要更好地了解他们的痛苦经历和心理社会护理需求。
我们研究的目的是增进对2017年曼彻斯特竞技场爆炸事件现场人员痛苦经历的理解，确定他们在事件发生后的心理社会护理经历，并了解如何在重大事件后更好地提供和针对有效的心理社会护理。
我们对18名身体未受伤的曼彻斯特竞技场袭击事件幸存者进行了半结构化访谈，并进行了主题分析，这些幸存者在英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）曼彻斯特复原力中心登记。
痛苦无处不在，会产生长期的健康和社会后果。最初不愿向服务机构求助的情况也很常见。尽早、开放地获取权威信息来源和情感支持，以及为幸存者组织活动，被视为有益的干预措施。不适当的心理社会和精神卫生保健形式很常见，是影响应对和康复的强大压力源。
本文扩展了我们对人们如何应对重大事件的理解。在许多事件之后，为大量痛苦且需要心理社会护理的人群提供的支持可能不足。在提高对人们心理社会干预需求的认识以及培训从业人员提供此类干预方面，还有大量工作要做。这些发现对政策和服务设计具有重大影响。
