Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRAE, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia.
Plant Biotechnol J. 2022 May;20(5):812-832. doi: 10.1111/pbi.13784. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
In the recent years, the agricultural world has been progressing towards integrated crop protection, in the context of sustainable and reasoned agriculture to improve food security and quality, and to preserve the environment through reduced uses of water, pesticides, fungicides or fertilisers. For this purpose, one possible issue is to cross-elite varieties widely used in fields for crop productions with exotic or wild genetic resources in order to introduce new diversity for genes or alleles of agronomical interest to accelerate the development of new improved cultivars. However, crossing ability (or crossability) often depends on genetic background of the recipient varieties or of the donor, which hampers a larger use of wild resources in breeding programmes of many crops. In this review, we tried to provide a comprehensive summary of genetic factors controlling crossing ability between Triticeae species with a special focus on the crossability between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale), which lead to the creation of Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.). We also discussed potential applications of newly identified genes or markers associated with crossability for accelerating wheat and Triticale improvement by application of modern genomics technologies in breeding programmes.
近年来，在可持续和合理农业的背景下，农业领域朝着综合作物保护的方向发展，以提高粮食安全性和质量，并通过减少水、农药、杀菌剂或化肥的使用来保护环境。为此，一个可能的问题是将广泛用于田间作物生产的优良品种与外来或野生遗传资源杂交，以引入新的基因多样性或农艺性状感兴趣的等位基因，从而加速新的改良品种的发展。然而，杂交能力（或可杂交性）通常取决于受体品种或供体的遗传背景，这限制了许多作物的育种计划中更多地利用野生资源。在这篇综述中，我们试图全面总结控制禾本科物种之间杂交能力的遗传因素，特别关注小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和黑麦（Secale cereale）之间的可杂交性，这导致了小黑麦（x Triticosecale Wittm.）的产生。我们还讨论了与可杂交性相关的新鉴定基因或标记在加速小麦和小黑麦改良方面的潜在应用，这些应用将现代基因组学技术应用于育种计划。
