Byskov A G
Physiol Rev. 1986 Jan;66(1):71-117. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1986.66.1.71.
Formation and differentiation of a gonad depend on finely controlled interactions between germ cells and various types of somatic cells. These interactions already begin when the germ cells start migrating toward the gonadal ridge. Reaching the presumptive gonadal area on the mesonephros, the germ cells join with the mesonephric-derived cells. These mesonephric cells are probably the precursors of the steroid-producing cells. A crucial event for gonadal function is the enclosure of germ cells and somatic cells in specific germ cell compartments. Survival and differentiation of the germ cells depend on this separation. Differentiation of the steroid-producing cells depends in turn on remaining outside the cell compartments. The mechanisms directing the gonad to develop into a testis or an ovary are still obscure, but specific gene products from the sex chromosomes probably play a basic role in gonadal sex differentiation.
性腺的形成和分化取决于生殖细胞与各种体细胞之间精确调控的相互作用。当生殖细胞开始向性腺嵴迁移时，这些相互作用就已经开始了。到达中肾的假定性腺区域后，生殖细胞与中肾来源的细胞结合。这些中肾细胞可能是产生类固醇细胞的前体。性腺功能的一个关键事件是生殖细胞和体细胞被包裹在特定的生殖细胞隔室中。生殖细胞的存活和分化取决于这种分离。产生类固醇细胞的分化反过来又取决于留在细胞隔室之外。引导性腺发育成睾丸或卵巢的机制仍然不清楚，但性染色体上的特定基因产物可能在性腺性别分化中起基本作用。
