Social Solutions Research Bureau, Paramaribo, Suriname.
CNRS Senior Research Fellow, UMR 8586, PRODIG, CNRS, Paris, France.
Soc Sci Med. 2022 Mar;296:114747. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114747. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
Worldwide, the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 disproportionally affect vulnerable groups in society. This paper assesses responses to, and impacts of, the pandemic among mobile migrant populations who work in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) in Suriname and French Guiana. These populations are characterized by poverty, informal or illegal status, and limited access to health care and information. Field research in Suriname (November 2020-January 2021) and French Guiana (January, May, June 2021) included qualitative interviews, informal conversations and observations, and a quantitative survey with 361 men and women in ASGM communities. Contrary to reports from the ASGM sector elsewhere, interviewed inhabitants of ASGM areas in Suriname and French Guiana showed little concern about COVID-19. Respondents reported feeling safer in the forest where they work than in the urban areas or in their home country. Trust in home remedies and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals further reduced anxiety about the pandemic. Three-quarters of survey respondents reported that the COVID-19 pandemic had not affected their work or income at all. The researchers conclude that in these remote Amazon communities, responses to COVID-19 mirror attitudes and behavior vis-à-vis malaria and other health risks: self-medicate, ignore, and pray. Living on the margins of society mitigates the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19, as containment measures are not applied to these socially invisible populations. Whereas the urban poor are severely hit by the pandemic, this hidden population benefits from high gold prices, an outdoors lifestyle, and traditional resourcefulness in dealing with a life full of risks.
在全球范围内,COVID-19 的社会经济影响不成比例地影响着社会中的弱势群体。本文评估了在苏里南和法属圭亚那从事手工和小规模采金(ASGM)的流动移民群体对大流行的反应和影响。这些人群的特点是贫困、非正规或非法身份,以及获得医疗保健和信息的机会有限。在苏里南(2020 年 11 月至 2021 年 1 月)和法属圭亚那(2021 年 1 月、5 月、6 月)进行的实地研究包括对 ASGM 社区的 361 名男性和女性进行的定性访谈、非正式对话和观察,以及一项定量调查。与其他地方 ASGM 部门的报告相反,苏里南和法属圭亚那 ASGM 地区的被访居民对 COVID-19 几乎不担心。受访者表示,他们在工作的森林中感到比在城市地区或在自己的祖国更安全。对家庭疗法和非处方药物的信任进一步降低了对大流行的焦虑。四分之三的调查受访者报告说,COVID-19 大流行根本没有影响他们的工作或收入。研究人员得出的结论是,在这些偏远的亚马逊社区,对 COVID-19 的反应反映了他们对疟疾和其他健康风险的态度和行为:自我治疗、忽视和祈祷。生活在社会边缘减轻了 COVID-19 的社会经济影响,因为这些社会上看不见的人群不受遏制措施的影响。城市贫困人口深受大流行的打击,而这一隐藏人口则受益于高金价、户外生活方式和在充满风险的生活中处理问题的传统智慧。